Histiocytic Enteritis of Rabbits

Umemura, Takashi; Tsuchitani, Minoru; Totsuka, Morio; Narama, Isao; Yamashiro, S.

doi:10.1177/030098588201900313

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These findings are similar to those described in other reports on the disease in rabbits (Umemura et al 1982, Duhamel et al 1998, Watarai et al 2004. Therefore, in a general way, the classical lesion types related to PE found in this study (cryptal cell hyperplasia, hyperchromatism, and pseudostratified arrangement), as well as the different types of inflammatory infiltrates observed, are compatible with those found in Intestinal Adenomatosis in rabbits (Umemura et al 1982, Duhamel et al 1998, Schauer et al 1998.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Several early reports have described the presence of bacteria in the apical pole of rabbit enterocytes; however, that condition was still referred to as Histiocytic Enteritis or acute typhlitis due to an acute intracellular Vibrio infection (Moon et al 1974, Umemura et al 1982, Hotchkiss et al 1996.…”

Section: Porcine Proliferative Enteropathy (Ppe) or Porcine Intestinamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proliferative enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis) outbreak in rabbits in Brazil

Peixoto

França

Ribeiro³

et al. 2008

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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RESUMO.-[Surto de Enteropatia Proliferativa (Lawsonia intracellularis) em coelhos no Brasil.] Descreve-se um surto de infecção por Lawsonia intracellularis em coelhos em Mendes, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A doença manifestou-se, de forma aguda (24-48 horas), com sintomatologia caracterizada por diarréia marrom ou esverdeada, e desidratação. Ocasionalmente, os animais morriam um dia após o início da diarréia, sem apresentar outros sintomas. À necropsia verificou-se íleo proeminente, firme, com parede muito espessada, progressivamente dilatado no sentido caudal e com aspecto algo reticulado perceptível através da serosa. A mucosa espessada tinha aspecto finamente corrugado e superfície brilhante. A válvula íleo-cecal e imediações do ceco encontravam-se um pouco edemaciadas e irregulares. Occasionally, the animals died one day after the onset of diarrhea, without showing any other clinical signs. At necropsy, the ileum was prominent, firm and had a thickened wall; it was dilated in the caudal direction and had a somewhat reticulated appearance, perceptible through the serosa. The thickened mucous membrane had finely corrugated aspect and a shiny surface. The ileocecal valve and surrounding areas were slightly edematous and irregular. The Peyer's patches were sometimes more evident. There was moderate enlargement of the mesenteric lymph nodes. The histological examination revealed different degrees of hyperplasia of the epithelial cells of intestinal crypts consisting of poorly differentiated, hyperchromatic cells with high mitotic index, arranged in a pseudostratified layer which, in some cases, reached the apical portions of the villi. The inflammatory infiltrate between the hyperplastic epithelial cells was composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages, some eosinophils and globular leukocytes. Silver impregnation revealed large numbers of bacteria with morphology of the genus Lawsonia in the apical pole of cryptal enterocytes. These bacteria reacted positively to a Lawsonia intracellularis polyclonal antibody by the avidin-biotin immunohistochemistry method.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Porcine Proliferative Enteropathy (Ppe) or Porcine Intestinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferative enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis) outbreak in rabbits in Brazil

Peixoto

França

Ribeiro³

et al. 2008

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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“…The histological findings from our cases (cases 1-4) were identical to findings reported previously on rabbits with PE. In contrast, case 5 showed a macrophage and multinuclear giant cell infiltration that was more in accord with findings from cases of granulomatous enteritis [1,9] and histiocytic enteritis [12]. Granulomatous enteritis in rabbits (caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp.…”

supporting

confidence: 81%

“…paratuberculosis) is characterized by an accumulation of macrophages and multinuclear giant cells in lamina propria, combined with the presence of weak acidfast bacteria [1,9]. The infection in case 5 was histopathologically distinct from this disorder in its lack of bacterial staining with Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast stain [12]. Histology of sections from the five cases in this study all demonstrated numerous curved bacillus-like organisms that stained with W-S stain located within epithelial cells and macrophages.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

“…ICLOs infections in pig, hamster, and rabbit have since been confirmed to be L. intracellularis infection [3,7]. In Japan, ICLO infections in rabbit have been reported [12], but until now, no evidence of the presence of L. intracellularis in infected rabbit has been presented. Here we report five field cases of rabbits diagnosed with PE in which L. intracellularis infection is confirmed by amplification of L. intracellularis DNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proliferative Enteropathy Involving Lawsonia intracellularis Infection in Rabbits (Oryctlagus cuniculus)

Horiuchi

Watarai

Kobayashi

et al. 2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Five rabbits suffering from diarrhea were diagnosed with proliferative enteropathy (PE). Histopathology revealed a thickened mucosa consisting of hyperplastic intestinal epithelium and infiltration of inflammatory cells mainly consisted of macrophages. In the affected epithelial cytoplasm, numerous curved bacillus-like organisms were observed in the Warthin-Starry silver stain and electron microscopy observation. In polymerase chain reactions, Lawsonia intracellularis-specific DNA fragment were amplified from affected ileal tissue extracted DNA in each case and present 5 cases were confirmed to be L. intracellularis infection. Serum collected from the affected rabbit was immunohistochemically reactive with L. intracellularis in tissue sections from pigs with porcine proliferative enteropathy, as well as with tissue sections from the five affected rabbits. [5,7]. L. intracellularis infection is known to cause proliferative enteropathy (PE) that is characterized by intestinal mucosa thickened with gross material and histopathological evidence of hyperplastic mucosal epithelium [7].Due to its appearance as an intracellular parasite, L. intracellularis was previously referred to as an Intracellular Campylobacter Like Organisms (ICLOs) [7,10,11]. ICLOs infections in pig, hamster, and rabbit have since been confirmed to be L. intracellularis infection [3,7]. In Japan, ICLO infections in rabbit have been reported [12], but until now, no evidence of the presence of L. intracellularis in infected rabbit has been presented. Here we report five field cases of rabbits diagnosed with PE in which L. intracellularis infection is confirmed by amplification of L. intracellularis DNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We also demonstrate the successful use of serum obtained from affected rabbit for the immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of L. intracellularis.Four adult rabbits (cases 1-4) housed together in the one field at a wildlife park in the eastern area of mainland Japan developed diarrhea simultaneously. These rabbits were destroyed humanely, and preserved in formalin, and then sent to our laboratory. Case 5 was a 3-month-old female rabbit, housed separately in a conventional cage, which suffered from diarrhea and body weight loss. This rabbit was destroyed humanely and autopsied in our laboratory.Alimentary tract tissue samples, including duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon were collected and routinely fixed (or re-fixed) in 15% neutral-buffered formalin. Samples embedded in paraffin were then cut into 4 mm sections that were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Selected sections were also stained with Gram's (MacCallum-Goodpasture method), Warthin-Starry silver (W-S), and Ziehl-Neelsen (modified Fite method) stains. For ultrastructual study, formalin fixed tissues were cut into 1 mm cubes, fixed in 2.66% glutaraldehyde for 2 hr, post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide and then embedded in epoxy resin. Ultra-thin sections, stained doubly with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, were examined using a tra...

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Rabbit

2007

Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits

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Histiocytic Enteritis of Rabbits

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Proliferative enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis) outbreak in rabbits in Brazil

Proliferative enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis) outbreak in rabbits in Brazil

Proliferative Enteropathy Involving Lawsonia intracellularis Infection in Rabbits (Oryctlagus cuniculus)

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