Histochemical Comparison of Frog and Rat Mast Cells

Chiu, Herbert; Lagunoff, David

doi:10.1177/19.6.369

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The origin of the enzyme which forms neurokinin is unknown, but one of the proteinases known to occur in mast cells [Lagunoff, 1968;Chiu and Lagunoff, 1971] might be involved. The blocking action of aspirin upon the triple response may be partly due to antagonism of a kininogen-kinin system [see Collier, Holgate, Schachter and Shorley, 1960;Blane, 1967;Rocha e Silva, 1970] as well as to the prevention of degranulation of mast cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pharmacological and Histological Investigation of the Involvement of Mast Cells in Cutaneous Axon Reflex Vasodilatation

Kiernan

1975

Exp Physiol

105

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Arteriolar vasodilatation following injury to the pinna of the left ear was measured thermometrically in 43 rats. Quantitative histological assessments were made of the intact and degranulating dermal mast cells in the left and right ears of the animals. Vasodilatation, with associated increased proportions of degranulating mast cells, was found only in animals in which the sensory innervation of the left ear was intact, allowing the occurrence of axon reflexes.In rats depleted of mast cells by treatment for 5 days with compound 48/80, axon reflex vasodilatation was suppressed, indicating that mast cells are essential for the development of the flare in the triple response. Vasodilatation was also suppressed in animals injected with aspirin 20-30 min prior to injury. In these latter rats, there was no increase in the proportion of degranulating dermal mast cells It is suggested that aspirin protects the mast cells from the degranulating effect of axon reflexes.These results indicate that the arteriolar flare around the site of a cutaneous injury is mediated by the action of axon reflexes upon dermal mast cells. This conclusion is discussed in relation to other observations on vasodilatation in injured and diseased skin.The flare of arteriolar vasodilatation surrounding the site of a minor injury to the skin constitutes the second component of the triple response of Lewis [1927] and has been known for many years to be mediated by an axon reflex in the terminal branches of nerve fibres which are otherwise sensory in function. A similar flare is produced by antidromic stimulation of the distal stump of a cut cutaneous nerve or dorsal root and it is believed that the axons involved are those of fine calibre which subserve the modality of painful sensation [Celander and Folkow, 1953; see also Folkow, 1956].Histological examination of regions of skin which have been scratched or subjected to antidromic nervous stimulation reveals an increased proportion of degranulating mast cells in the dermis [Kiernan, 1971]. These findings, in conjunction with other previously unrelated observations concerned with mast cells and with antidromic vasodilatation, led to the formulation [Kiernan, 1972a] of an hypothesis to explain the mechanism of the triple response. According to this theory, mast cells are involved (a) in the initiation of the axon reflex by released histamine and (b) in the production of the flare, perhaps by causing the formation of the vasoactive peptide bradykinin. There is some evidence that the degranulation of mast cells at the efferent limb the reflex is produced by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from the sensory nerve endings [Kiernan, 1972b[Kiernan, , 1974.The hypothesis is amenable to testing by examination of the effects, upon 123

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pharmacological and Histological Investigation of the Involvement of Mast Cells in Cutaneous Axon Reflex Vasodilatation

Kiernan

1975

Exp Physiol

105

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“…And indeed, serotonin has been found in the mast cells of the spleen and the thymus of the frog (KAPA and CSABA, 1972). However, the mast cells of the tongue of the frog seem to be devoid of fluorigenic amines (CHIU andLAGUNOFF, 1971, 1972). This is in agreement with the findings of the present author.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Basal Cells in the Papillae Fungiformes of the Tongue of the Common Frog, <i>Rana temporaria</i> L.

Goossens¹,

Vandenberghe²

1974

Arch. Histol. Jap., Arch. Histol. Jpn

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“…Bradykinin is formed by the hydrolysis, probably of an ester linkage, of a globulin (kininogen) present in blood and extracellular fluid, by one of a number of enzymes known as kininogen kinases [Lewis, 1960;Schachter, 1969]. Mast cell granules are known to contain proteolytic and esterolytic enzymes [Glenner, Hopsu and Cohen, 1962;Keller, 1962;Chiu and Lagunoff, 1971] and it is conceivable that one of these, when liberated into the extracellular space, might bring about the formation of bradykinin. The granules also contain adenosine triphosphatase [Eder and Schauer, 1961].…”

Section: Kiernan Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Involvement of Mast Cells in Vasodilatation Due to Axon Reflexes in Injured Skin

Kiernan¹

1972

Exp Physiol

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Immediately subjacent to a scratch damaging the epidermis of the external ear of the albino rat, all the dermal mast cells are degranulated. The Although mast cells occur in peripheral nerves [Olsson, 1968] and, in some mammals, in the central nervous system [Campbell and Kiernan, 1966; Kruger, 1970], no report has been found in the literature indicating whether these cells are subject to any form of nervous control. Electron microscopic studies in the central nervous system [Flood and Kruger, 1970 Wiedmann, 1958;Stach, 1961].Since mast cells contain histamine and other vasoactive substances [see Selye, 1965], and since both sensory and sympathetic nerves are concerned with vasomotor control in the skin, the following investigation was undertaken. The area of skin studied, that of the external ear, was chesen because, in the rat, most of the skin of the auricle is supplied by a single, easily accessible, nerve trunk [Greene, 1935]. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe experimental animals were sixty adult albino Wistar rats of both sexes. For all operations and acute experiments the rats were anaesthetized with pentobarbitone sodium (3 0 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally). Denervation. In seventeen rats, a segment, 5 mm long, was removed from the common trunk of the great auricular and lesser occipital nerves on one side, and the nerve allowed to degenerate for 3 weeks.Sympathectomy. In eleven rats, the superior and middle cervical sympathetic ganglia were removed unilaterally. The trunk of the vagus nerve was also severed, as there is some evidence [Navaratnam, Lewis and Shute, 1968, p. 230] that this may

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Histochemical Comparison of Frog and Rat Mast Cells

Cited by 23 publications

References 40 publications

A Pharmacological and Histological Investigation of the Involvement of Mast Cells in Cutaneous Axon Reflex Vasodilatation

A Pharmacological and Histological Investigation of the Involvement of Mast Cells in Cutaneous Axon Reflex Vasodilatation

The Basal Cells in the Papillae Fungiformes of the Tongue of the Common Frog, <i>Rana temporaria</i> L.

The Involvement of Mast Cells in Vasodilatation Due to Axon Reflexes in Injured Skin

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