Histochemical Studies of Various Organs in Rats with Experimental Congenital Diabetes

Yoshikawa, Osamu

doi:10.1507/endocrj1954.16.609

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Such findings suggest the hypersynthesis of adrenocortical steroid. Biochemical (Okamoto, 1964) and enzyme histochemical studies (Yoshikawa, 1969) in our laboratory also showed hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex of experimental congenital diabetic animals. That is, the hyperfunction of this gland in these animals is already recognized before the onset of diabetes and persists after the onset of diabetes.…”

Section: S Y N Osismentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Recently, enzyme histochemical examination on the pancreatic islets of experimental congenital diabetic rats revealed an increase in activity of the various enzymes in the prediabetic stage and decrease in the diabetic stage (Yoshikawa, 1969). From the results of the electron microscopical and enzyme histochemical studies, it may be hypothesized that in the early prediabetic period, the pancreatic B-cells of this animal have the ability to respond to the demand for insulin output by means of excessive work of the individual B-cells in spite of their growth disturbance, but with the aging process, become gradually unable to supply sufficient insulin to meet the amount required and spontaneous diabetes.…”

Section: S Y N Osismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electron Microscopic Studies of the Pancreatic Islets and Some Other Organs in Experimental Congenital Diabetic Rats

Yamamoto

1971

Endocrinol Japon

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Nineteen rats were obtained by the mating of two spontaneous diabetic males, that had diabetes for over one month, with three nondiabetic females, all of which were born from alloxan diabetic rats in the same successive generations. General observations on these animals and light and electron microscopic studies on their pancreatic islets as well as some other organs were performed. Among 19 rats, 11 developed diabetes spontaneously without any treatment, 5 of which showed long persistent diabetes.(a) Before the onset of diabetes, the pancreatic B-cells showed hypoplasia (reduced in number and size). Electron microscopically, some B-cells in the granular stage showed degranulation and an increased number of ribosomes, some B-cells in the predominantly agranular stage irregular dilatation of granular endoplasmic reticulum. (b) After the onset of diabetes, some pancreatic B-cells showed hydropic degeneration and vacuolar formation, other B-cells pyknosis and atrophy. Under electron microscopy, marked degranulation, swelling and vacuolation of mitochondria, and a decreased number of ribosomes were observed in all pancreatic B-cells, and in addition, marked irregular dilatation of granular endoplasmic reticulum in the predominantly agranular stage. The adrenal gland showed slight hypertrophy and in the cells of the fascicular zone an increased number of ribosomes and abundant dilated agranular endoplasmic reticula both before and after the onset of diabetes were observed.In the kidney, the glomerulus showed no obvious changes, but the renal tubules demonstrated deposition of glycogen particles in the diabetic stage and they did not show any degenerative lesions in their organelles. In short, in experimental congenital diabetic rats, the pancreatic B-cells work excessively to maintain the animals free of diabetes, during the early prediabetic stage; however, with the aging process their growth disturbance becomes severe, they are exhausted and show degeneration and finally spontaneous diabetes occurs. The presumed hyperfunction of their adrenal cortex accelerates the onset of diabetes.Since Okamoto (1952) found hypoplasia of the pancreatic B-cells in the descendants of alloxan diabetic rabbits, many investigations on these animals have been made, with many interesting results. That is, the diabetic animals (rabbits, rats and guinea pigs) in which diabetes was induced by the administration of alloxan or other diabetogenic substances, were mated after being kept diabetic for more than one month, to obtain F1 offspring and this process was repeated to obtain F2 and several subsequent genrations. On examination it was revealed that these descendants had hypoplasia of the pancreatic B-cells (reduced in number and in size), increased percentage of acidophiles in the adenohypophysis and hypertrophy of the adrenal cortex (especially zona fasciculata). These changes gradually

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Section: S Y N Osismentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: S Y N Osismentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron Microscopic Studies of the Pancreatic Islets and Some Other Organs in Experimental Congenital Diabetic Rats

Yamamoto

1971

Endocrinol Japon

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“…Evidence for the importance of this metabolic cycle within the beta cells is provided by the high activity of its enzymes, for example by the G-6-PD activity [28,29,3], and the constant rise of some of its substrates after stimulation of insulin It is suggested that a possible role of the pentose secretion [37]. ttistochemical methods, on the other hand, reveal different changes in G-6-PD activity in hyperglycaemie animals [17,50]. In our study no changes in G-6-PD activity were found after treatment with strong anti-insulin serum, while injections of a weak antiserum resulted in a slight reduction.…”

Section: Diabetologia Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…G6ssner [13] drew attention to the activity of the z-glycerophosphate oxidase in the islet tissue. The importance of the acid phosphatase is often discussed in relation to protein synthesis since acid phosphatase has been demonstrated in many G. K16ppel et al : EnzymehistochemieM Studies on the Pancreatic Islets Diabetologia cells having a secretory function, particularly in the islet cells of some species [48,20,21,50].…”

Section: Enzymhistochemische Untersuehungen Am Inselorgan Der Maus Namentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides the histochemieal studies in nondiabetic animals, systematic investigations have been performed in animals with a spontaneous diabetic syndrome, as in obese-hyperglycaemic mice [16,17], kk-mice [38] and rats with an experimental congenital diabetes [50]. Further enzymehistochemical findings have been reported after Mloxan, cortisone and growth hormone injections as well as application of sulphonylureas [25,…”

Section: Enzymhistochemische Untersuehungen Am Inselorgan Der Maus Namentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzymehistochemical studies on the pancreatic islets in mice injected with anti-insulin serum

Klöppel

Freytag

1972

Diabetologia

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Islets of Langerhans in white mice with a diabetic syndrome after single and repeated injections of anti-insulin serum were studied by enzymehistochemicM methods and compared with controls. Changes in activity of some enzymes were noted in the islet area in accordance with the histopathological findings of severe degranulation and hypersecretory changes of the beta cells.-The e-glycerophosphate oxidase (GPOX) showed the most sensitive and severe decrease of activity whereas the acid phosphatase (ACPase) was only slightly decreased. Compared with the enzyme activity in normal mice, no significant changes of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) could be observed. The only enzyme showing an increased activity was the glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase). The studies of the eytoehrome oxidase (CCOX), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), succinie dehydrogenase (SDI-I), acid phosphatase (ACPase), alkaline phosphatase (APase) and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) revealed no alterations of the enzyme patterns under these experimental conditions. The findings are discussed with regard to the hypothetical relations between the pentose phosphate shunt (indicator enzyme: G-6-PD), the glycerophosphate cycle (indicator enzyme: GPOX) and the phosphorylation of glucose (indicator enzyme: G-6-Pase) to insulin synthesis and release.

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Histochemistry and Electron Microscopy of Islets

Boquist

1977

The Diabetic Pancreas

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Histochemical Studies of Various Organs in Rats with Experimental Congenital Diabetes

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Electron Microscopic Studies of the Pancreatic Islets and Some Other Organs in Experimental Congenital Diabetic Rats

Electron Microscopic Studies of the Pancreatic Islets and Some Other Organs in Experimental Congenital Diabetic Rats

Enzymehistochemical studies on the pancreatic islets in mice injected with anti-insulin serum

Histochemistry and Electron Microscopy of Islets

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