Histochemical studies on the developing adrenal gland of Gallus domesticus

Sivaram, S.

doi:10.1007/bf00278304

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…The cells of interrenal tissue had a moderate positive reaction for Alcian blue, which indicated the presence of acid mucin. In contrast, Basha et al (2008) in Japanese quail and Sivaram (1964) in chicks, respectively, found that the interrenal cells reacted positively with PAS and did not react with Alcian blue. On the other hand, the chromaffin cells had a moderate positive reaction for PAS, which indicated the presence of neutral mucopolysaccharide, in agreement with the observations of Vyas and Jacob (1976) in pigeon and sparrow and Sivaram (1964) in chicken.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Morphological and histological studies of the adrenal gland in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)

El‐Desoky

Mustafa

2021

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The adrenal gland is a vital endocrine gland that secretes many important hormones in everyday bird life. The adrenal gland of the Japanese quail is grossly located ventromedially the corresponding kidney and has a creamy to yellow color. The quail gland is surrounded by a capsule and contains some ganglionic cells, and the capsule is characterized by the presence of chromaffin cells. The adrenal gland is subdivided into three concentric zones: subcapsular, peripheral, and central. The parenchyma consists of interrenal tissue, chromaffin islets, and blood sinusoids. The interrenal cells contain lipid droplets, are arranged in cords, and rest on the basement membrane. Chromaffin cells are categorized as two types: epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) cells. These cells contain the granules, and are characterized by the presence of lipid droplets. In this study, the interrenal tissue was found to have a higher proportion of chromaffin cells in quail as compared with other birds, which is attributed to the fact that the Japanese quail is a migratory bird. Therefore, the present investigation aims to provide a detailed study on the adrenal gland in the Japanese quail to help physiologists understand the gland's function and the pathologist to determine the implications for the differential diagnosis of adrenal gland tumors. Highlights The adrenal gland is subdivided into three concentric zones: subcapsular, peripheral, and central. The interrenal cells contain lipid droplets, are arranged in cords. Chromaffin cells are categorized as two types: epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) cells. These cells contain the granules, and are characterized by the presence of lipid droplets. The interrenal tissue was found to have a higher proportion of chromaffin cells in quail because it is a migratory bird.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Morphological and histological studies of the adrenal gland in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)

El‐Desoky

Mustafa

2021

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Functional development of the hypothalamo‐hypophyseal‐adrenal cortex axis in the chick embryo, Gallus domesticus

1973

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Basal plasma levels of corticosterone increased gradually during the second half of incubation, reaching a peak around the time of hatching. Stress resulted in a very significant elevation of corticosterone above the basal level in embryos 16 days or older, but not in younger embryos. Newly hatched chicks did not respond to stress, but a typical stress response was evident one week after hatching. Adrenocorticotropin (100 mu) elicited a significant rise in plasma corticosterone in 14-day embryos and in newly hatched chicks, demonstrating that the adrenal is capable of responding to pituitary stimulation at these times when a stress response does not occur.Decapitated 16-day embryos had significantly lower basal levels of corticosterone than normal, and showed no rise in corticosterone in response to stress. Basal levels of corticosterone were unaffected by decapitation of 14-day embryos. Grafting ten-day embryonic pituitaries to the chorioallantoic membrane on day 9 of incubation restored normal basal hormone levels on day 16 in decapitated embryos, but did not restore the ability to respond to stress.This study demonstrates that the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal axis is functional before hatching in chicks. The adrenal exhibits significant autonomous functional capability prior to day 14, and the pituitary becomes important in maintaining both the resting level of hormone and the stress response between days 14 and 16 of incubation. The hypothalamus does not appear to control normal resting levels of corticosterone, but is essential for the stress response. It was partially supported by a Rackham Graduate Student Dissertation grant h o m the University of Michigan.

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Respiratory function of catecholamines during the late period of avian development

Wittmann

Prechtl

1991

Respiration Physiology

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Histochemical studies on the developing adrenal gland of Gallus domesticus

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

Morphological and histological studies of the adrenal gland in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)

Morphological and histological studies of the adrenal gland in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)

Functional development of the hypothalamo‐hypophyseal‐adrenal cortex axis in the chick embryo, Gallus domesticus

Respiratory function of catecholamines during the late period of avian development

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