Histochemistry. VII. Flavones in Scutellariae Radix.

Tani, Tohru; Katsuki, Tadahisa; Kubo, Michinori; Arichi, Shigeru

doi:10.1248/cpb.33.4894

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Other studies have shown that field-grown S. baicalensis (Tani et al, 1985) had flavonoid concentrations similar to those (Zobayed et al, 2004) that were produced on the agar medium under the CO 2 -enriched forced air ventilation. In our study, the flavonoid concentration of the combined shoots and roots grown on FS system was %1/10 the concentration found in the shoots of S. baicalensis grown in a forced ventilation (CO 2 -enriched) agar-containing vessel and two-to fivefold less than those grown in liquid bioreactors (Zobayed et al, 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Hyperhydricity and Flavonoid Content of Scutellaria Species In Vitro on Polyester-supported Liquid Culture Systems

Tascan¹,

Adelberg²,

Taşcan³

et al. 2010

horts

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Additional index words. skullcap, baicalin, baicalein, flavonoid, polyester fiber, medicinal plant, wogonin Abstract. Three Scutellaria species (Scutellaria lateriflora, S. costaricana, and S. baicalensis) were grown in different in vitro physical environments: agar, liquid culture, and liquid culture with fiber-supported paper (with initial media volumes of 20 mL and 30 mL). During an 8-week time course, tissue growth was assessed for each species by fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), percent DW, and multiplication ratio. Water use and hyperhydricity were also compared. Scutellaria lateriflora plantlets grown in liquid were hyperhydric despite the greatest accumulation of dry mass, but multiplication diminished with time as plants became hyperhydric. In contrast, S. costaricana and S. baicalensis plantlets had higher FW and DW on agar. With all Scutellaria species tested, plantlets grown on agar or fiber-supported paper were not hyperhydric, and fiber-supported paper with 20 mL initial volume yielded plants with the greatest percent DW. The lowered hyperhydricity was related to reduced water uptake. The flavonoids baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin were quantified in plants grown on fiber-supported paper culture. The baicalin concentrations in in vitro cultured S. lateriflora shoots was comparable to those of field-grown plants. The in vitro method presented a unique opportunity to enhance baicalein content and produce wogonin-rich roots. S. costaricana plantlets in vitro showed high levels of the three flavonoids compared with S. baicalensis and S. lateriflora. Growing non-hyperhydric tissues on fiber-supported paper, in vitro, allowed the clonal propagation of Scutellaria species with increased flavonoid content to proceed in a simple, controlled environment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Hyperhydricity and Flavonoid Content of Scutellaria Species In Vitro on Polyester-supported Liquid Culture Systems

Tascan¹,

Adelberg²,

Taşcan³

et al. 2010

horts

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“…The distribution of flavonoids in the licorice rhizome provides significant hints for understanding the defense functions of aglycones and related glycosides. In previous reports, similar distribution patterns of flavonoids had been observed in the root tissues of other herbal plants, such as Scutellaria baicalensis (Tani et al ., ), Pueraria (Tani et al ., ) and Sophora flavescens (Yamamoto et al ., ). The roles of flavonoids have been extensively explored, and they appear to constitute a class of vital defense metabolites in legume species (Graham et al ., ; Stafford, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural products in Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) rhizome imaged at the cellular level by atmospheric pressure matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry imaging

Bhandari

Janfelt

et al. 2014

The Plant Journal

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Equally contributing authors. SUMMARYThe rhizome of Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) was analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry imaging and tandem mass spectrometry imaging. An atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging ion source was combined with an orbital trapping mass spectrometer in order to obtain highresolution imaging in mass and space. Sections of the rhizome were imaged with a spatial resolution of 10 lm in the positive ion mode, and a large number of secondary metabolites were localized and identified based on their accurate mass and MS/MS fragmentation patterns. Major tissue-specific metabolites, including free flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides and saponins, were successfully detected and visualized in images, showing their distributions at the cellular level. The analytical power of the technique was tested in the imaging of two isobaric licorice saponins with a mass difference of only 0.02 Da. With a mass resolving power of 140 000 and a bin width of 5 ppm in the image processing, the two compounds were well resolved in full-scan mode, and appeared with different distributions in the tissue sections. The identities of the compounds and their distributions were validated in a subsequent MS/MS imaging experiment, thereby confirming their identities and excluding possible analyte interference. The use of high spatial resolution, high mass resolution and tandem mass spectrometry in imaging experiments provides significant information about the biosynthetic pathway of flavonoids and saponins in legume species, combing the spatially resolved chemical information with morphological details at the microscopic level. Furthermore, the technique offers a scheme capable of high-throughput profiling of metabolites in plant tissues.

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“…In addition, it was revealed that root head contained more ( Z )-ligustilide on the outside than the inside. In several medicinal plants that use roots as crude drugs, important chemical constituents for quality evaluation are localized in tissues near the root surface [ 19 – 21 ]. Similarly, in Toki, ( Z )-ligustilide may be localized in tissues near the root surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To resolve this issue, the localization of chemical constituents has been investigated in several medicinal plants. In fact, the localization of components in root part was studied about Paeonia moutan, Panax ginseng , Scutellaria baicalensis and Bupleurum falcatum , and those major components were clarified [ 19 – 21 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality evaluation of Angelicae acutilobae radix: individual differences and localization of (Z)-ligustilide in Angelica acutiloba root

2020

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It has been difficult to evaluate the quality of Angelicae acutilobae Radix (Toki) because of large differences in the contents of its chemical constituents. In this research, we revealed individual differences and localization of (Z)-ligustilide in Toki cultivated and processed under the same conditions. Thirteen Toki samples (dry weight: 68.2 g–132.3 g) were divided and categorized into 13 parts and the (Z)-ligustilide content of each part was quantified. Total (Z)-ligustilide content ranged from 0.08% to 0.22% and the maximum difference between samples was approximately 2.8-fold. In addition, the localization of (Z)-ligustilide was examined. (Z)-Ligustilide content was the highest in lateral root at 0.19%, followed by main root at 0.13%, and the lowest in root head at 0.09%. Furthermore, the content tended to increase as the root became thinner. In particular, the difference in content between the inner side of upper root head (removed 5 mm from the epidermis 0.06%) and the 1.1–3.0 mm in diameter lateral root (0.24%) was largest at approximately 4.1-fold. We revealed that not only differences among individuals but also localization is a factor affecting the quality of Toki. In contrast, individuals with higher root part (main root + lateral root) weight ratio in whole root dry weight had higher (Z)-ligustilide content. The difference in (Z)-ligustilide content among individuals is due to the balance between root head part and root other than head part. It is possible to predict (Z)-ligustilide content from weight ratio of root part to whole root.

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Histochemistry. VII. Flavones in Scutellariae Radix.

Cited by 25 publications

References 1 publication

Hyperhydricity and Flavonoid Content of Scutellaria Species In Vitro on Polyester-supported Liquid Culture Systems

Hyperhydricity and Flavonoid Content of Scutellaria Species In Vitro on Polyester-supported Liquid Culture Systems

Natural products in Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) rhizome imaged at the cellular level by atmospheric pressure matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry imaging

Quality evaluation of Angelicae acutilobae radix: individual differences and localization of (Z)-ligustilide in Angelica acutiloba root

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