Histologic Basis of Ocular Disease in Animals

Grahn, Bruce H; Peiffer, Robert L.; Wilcock, B. P.

doi:10.1002/9781119108603

Cited by 21 publications

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“…The rate of metastatic disease is difficult to document because of long latency periods and the reduced frequency of postmortem examinations on client‐owned cats over recent years . The evaluation of histologic features to help with prognostication is limited by long latency periods between primary and metastatic disease, loss of cases to follow‐up, a reduction of postmortems and/or lack of cytologically or histopathologically confirmed metastases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iris biopsy has not been routinely performed in veterinary ophthalmology because of the perceived risks of hemorrhage, non‐diagnostic samples, “seeding” of neoplastic cells, difficulty in differentiating “premalignant from benign lesions” and cost …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Iris biopsy has not been routinely performed in veterinary ophthalmology because of the perceived risks of hemorrhage, non-diagnostic samples, "seeding" of neoplastic cells, difficulty in differentiating "premalignant from benign lesions" and cost. 16 One of the most difficult problems facing the clinician when presented with feline iris hyperpigmentation is the accurate diagnosis of early FDIM. This paper evaluates a surgical technique for iris biopsy to investigate feline iris hyperpigmentation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Iris biopsy to investigate feline iris hyperpigmentation

Featherstone

Scurrell²,

Rhodes³

et al. 2019

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Objective To evaluate the benefit of iris biopsy in cats with iris hyperpigmentation to differentiate melanosis from early feline diffuse iris melanoma (FDIM). Methods The medical records of cats with unilateral iris hyperpigmentation that had undergone iris biopsy between February 2013 and September 2016 at Willows Veterinary Centre & Referral Service were reviewed. Results Seven cats with unilateral iris hyperpigmentation were included in this retrospective study. The biopsy procedure was performed under general anesthesia (n = 7) with neuromuscular blockade (n = 6) following pre‐operative topical miotic therapy (n = 5). One to six biopsy samples per eye were harvested from areas of hyperpigmentation. The samples were partial thickness (n = 4 eyes) and full thickness (n = 3 eyes). Complications were minor: mild intra‐operative hemorrhage (n = 4), fibrin clot (n = 2), corneal ulcer (n = 1), post‐operative ocular hypertension (n = 1), dyscoria (n = 1), and pseudopolycoria (n = 2). The first biopsy was diagnostic in six cats; a repeat biopsy was necessary in one cat. Histopathology was consistent with melanosis in five cats and with early FDIM in two cats. Screening for signs of metastatic disease (thoracic computed tomography and abdominal ultrasonography) was negative in the two cats with a preliminary diagnosis of early FDIM. Subsequent enucleation and histopathology confirmed the initial diagnosis in both cases. Conclusions Iris biopsy in cats with iris hyperpigmentation can be beneficial to differentiate melanosis from early FDIM and thereby help to justify the decision for early enucleation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iris biopsy to investigate feline iris hyperpigmentation

Featherstone

Scurrell²,

Rhodes³

et al. 2019

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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“…FPTOS is a very aggressive tumor, with a pathogenesis that appears to involve prior history of ocular trauma or severe, chronic ocular disease [ 17 ]. Cats with FPTOS have histories such as trauma, chronic uveitis, cataract, phthisis bulbi and intraocular surgery involving the lens [ 4 , 17 , 18 ]. The period from these clinical event to occurrence of neoplasm is from several months to 10 years [ 17 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The period from these clinical event to occurrence of neoplasm is from several months to 10 years [ 17 ]. The neoplasm occurs within the eye surrounding the lens, then intraocular structures such as the lens, anterior uvea, retina, and choroid are effaced, with occlusion of intraocular spaces by the neoplasm [ 4 , 17 ]. Furthermore, FPTOS sometimes shows local invasion to the adjacent sclera, optic nerve, and brain [ 4 , 17 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Intraocular extraskeletal osteosarcoma in a rabbit (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>)

Makishima

Kondo

Naruke³

et al. 2020

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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An 8-year-and-9-month-old male, lop-eared rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) presented with gradual enlargement of the left eye to 4 × 4 × 4 cm and exophthalmos. The animal died 3 months later, and necropsy was performed. On gross pathology, the intraocular tissue was effaced and occluded by a hard, light-gray mass. Histologically, the mass comprised spindle-shaped to angular cells arranged in interlacing bundles with abundant production of osteoid and cartilage, consistent with osteosarcoma. Limited cases of intraocular neoplasm have been reported in pet rabbits. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first pathologic documentation of intraocular osteosarcoma in a rabbit.

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Canine and feline uveal melanocytic tumours: Histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of 32 cases

Moreira

Langohr

Campos

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Objective: Gross, histopathological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of uveal melanocytic neoplasms in dogs and cats were investigated.Samples: Thirty-two enucleated globes with uveal melanocytic neoplasms, 27 from dogs and 5 from cats, were examined.Procedures: Morphological characteristics of uveal melanocytic neoplasms in dogs and cats were evaluated with anti-PNL2, anti-Melan-A, anti-Ki-67, anti-caspase-3, and anti-BAP1 immunomarkers. Statistical analysis was performed to compare canine melanocytomas and melanomas. Results:The 32 uveal neoplasms were classified as melanocytomas (19/27 in dogs) or melanomas (8/27 in dogs, 5/5 in cats). Most tumours (84%) were located in the anterior uvea. Neoplastic cells were classified as epithelioid, spindle-shaped, mixed, or special type (balloon and signet ring cells). The percentage of cells with melanin, melanin concentration within cells, anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, mitotic count, lymphocytic inflammation, necrosis, vascular invasion, and glaucoma were also characterized.Anisocytosis, percentage of neoplastic cells with melanin, mitotic count, and indices (proliferation and apoptotic) varied significantly between canine uveal melanomas and melanocytomas; in general, melanomas had greater cell variability, were less pigmented, and had a higher mitotic count. The melanocytic origin of the neoplasms was confirmed by positive anti-PNL2 immunolabelling (29/32) and positive anti-Melan-A immunolabelling (3/32). In canine uveal melanomas, anisocytosis and anisokaryosis correlated with less pigmentation and minimal pigmentation correlated with a high percentage of immunolabelling for caspase-3.Conclusions: Uveal melanocytomas were more common in dogs, and uveal melanomas were more frequent in cats. Anisocytosis, percentage of neoplastic cells with melanin, and mitotic count are important histologic characteristics of malignancy to evaluateThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Histologic Basis of Ocular Disease in Animals

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Iris biopsy to investigate feline iris hyperpigmentation

Iris biopsy to investigate feline iris hyperpigmentation

Intraocular extraskeletal osteosarcoma in a rabbit (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>)

Canine and feline uveal melanocytic tumours: Histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of 32 cases

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