“…In animal models of TMJ damage, natural collagen (Kobayashi et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2017), synthesized PLGA (Zhu et al, 2011;Dormer et al, 2011), polylactic acid (Ahtiainen et al, 2013), and polycaprolactone (PCL) (Tarafder et al, 2016) were fabricated into scaffolds, whereas Pluronic F-127-based hydrogel supported regenerative cell implantation (Yu et al, 2011;Sun et al, 2018). For cells in the systems, articular chondrocytes, costal chondrocytes, whole bone marrow, bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), and adipose stem cells (Ahtiainen et al, 2013) were adopted.…”