Histological changes of the adrenal glands vessels after experimental thermal trauma and under the conditions of lyophilized xenoskin use

Abstract

Burns, as a stress factor, cause circulatory and microcirculation disorders in the organs. In the scientific literature, the issues of structural reorganization of the vascular bed of the adrenal glands in thermal trauma and under conditions of correction by lyophilized xenoskin are insufficiently covered and therefore require further study. The aim of our study was to study the microscopic changes of the vessels of the adrenal glands in the dynamics after experimental thermal trauma and under conditions of correction. The experiment was performed on adult white male rats. Grade III burn (18-20 % of the skin surface) was applied under thiopental-sodium anesthesia with copper plates heated in water to a temperature of 97-1000C, on the epilated surface of the skin of the back for 10 seconds. One day after the thermal injury, an early necrectomy was performed and the wound was covered with a substrate of lyophilized xenoskin. Animal decapitation and microscopic changes were studied at days 7, 14, and 21 of injury modeling. The manufacture of histopreparations was carried out according to conventional methods. Histological examinations after experimental thermal trauma and correction of xenoskin substrate on the 7th day showed that already in this period of the experiment there were less pronounced destructive changes in the structure of the vessels of the adrenal glands. Some blood vessels were unevenly filled and dilated. The hemocapillaries of the microcirculatory tract are blood-filled, the vessel wall is destructively altered, and perivascular edema is present. On the 14th day of the experiment, moderately blood vessels were observed. The wall of large vessels is slightly swollen, partially thickened, hemocapillaries are moderately blood-filled, with dilated lumens and continuous endothelial lining. Under the conditions of application of the substrate of lyophilized xenoskin on the 21st day of the experiment, the structural organization of the vascular bed of the adrenal glands was significantly better compared to the previous terms of the study. Most vessels had evenly dilated lumens and moderate blood supply, and wall edema was insignificant. The walls of microvessels are preserved, well structured, endotheliocytes without severe damage, without signs of infiltration and edema. Thus, the results of microscopic examination showed that early necrectomy, and subsequent closure of the wound with a substrate of lyophilized xenoskin, creates optimal conditions for regenerative processes in both burns and vascular bed of the adrenal glands. On the 7th day after the burn and under conditions of correction, the study of the vascular bed of the adrenal glands showed a moderate degree of destructive changes in the vascular bed of the adrenal glands and the initial signs of their regeneration. In the late terms (14-21 days) of the experiment the relative normalization of cellular parenchymal components of the organ was established against the background of restoration of the structural organization of the microcirculatory tract.