Histological evidence for inoculative action of immature Linguatula serrata in lymph nodes of intermediate host

Linguatulosis is one of the important zoonotic diseases that cause public health problems worldwide. This study was carried out from March 2014 to February 2015 to estimate the prevalence of nymphal stages of Linguatula serrata in ruminants of different sex and age slaughtered at the Kermanshah municipal abattoir, in western Iran. For this purpose, the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were examined grossly and three MLNs for each animal were collected for parasitological and pathological studies. Of the total of 456 sheep (252 ♂ and 204 ♀), 390 goats (215 ♂ and 175 ♀) and 412 cattle (255 ♂ and 157 ♀), 90 (19.7%), 98 (25.1%) and 53 (12.8%) were infected with nymph stages of L. serrata, respectively. A significant difference in the prevalence of linguatulosis was observed among studied animals (P<0.05) and the highest and lowest prevalence were detected in goats and cattle, respectively. Prevalence of L. serrata nymphs in males and females was not significantly different (P>0.05). The prevalence increased with age (P<0.05). Grossly, the infected MLNs were enlarged, and their cross-sectional areas were coarse, firm, granulated, oedematous, and red in colour. Necrosis, oedema, haemorrhages, depletion of the lymphocytes and granulomatous reactions which are characterised by infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cell around the parasite were the main histopathological lesions. These results indicated the high prevalence of L. serrata infection in livestock animals in Kermanshah. Furthermore, this study provides a preliminary baseline data for the future monitoring of this potentially important parasitic disease. The potential importance of these findings to human health is discussed.

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“…These findings were consistent with the lesions reported by other investigators in sheep and camel (Miclãuş et al, 2008;Oryan et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Prevalence of Linguatula serrata nymphs and pathological lesions of infected mesenteric lymph nodes among ruminants in Kermanshah, western Iran

Hashemnia¹,

Rezaei²,

Sayadpour³

et al. 2018

BJVM

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“…The concurrent occurrence of visceral linguatulosis with paratuberculosis has been reported recently (Mir et al 2009). In addition, Miclãuş et al (2008) reported the presence of polymorphic bacteria, bacillar bacteria, or cocci in the vicinity of the Linguatula nymphs in the mesenteric lymph nodes, together with presence of the yeast cells within the central necrotic areas and between the infiltrated inflammatory cells in the infected adult sheep. The pathogenicity of Crohn's and tuberculosis diseases in humans is similar to paratuberculosis in livestock animals, and infection with the visceral linguatulosis may predispose to these or other diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence, biology, pathology, and public health importance of linguatulosis of camel in Iran

Oryan

Khordadmehr

Ranjbar

2011

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan zoonotic parasite with its adult form occurring in the nasal and respiratory passages of canids as the definitive hosts, while its immature stages localize in the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lungs, and, rarely, in other organs, such as the ocular region of herbivorous intermediate hosts. Humans can behave as both intermediate and final host and are infected by visceral and nasopharyngeal linguatulosis. Consumption of infected, improperly cooked viscera of the intermediate hosts, including sheep, goats, cattle, camels, or other herbivores containing the larval stages of this parasite is a potential source of infection of human beings with the nasopharyngeal form of linguatulosis. However, nasopharyngeal secretions or feces of carnivores containing eggs of Linguatula are the main sources for infecting human beings with the visceral form of this infection. In the present study, the prevalence of infection by nymphs of L. serrata in 101 camels in Yazd Province, central Iran, was estimated based on histopathological studies of samples from two, apparently enlarged, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), together with one sample from a whitish pinpoint spot on the liver and spleen of each animal. Thirteen camels (12.9%) were infected with the nymphal stage of L. serrata. Age and sex did not play a significant role in the prevalence of this parasitic infection. The number of parasites in each MLN ranged from one to six larvae. In view of the consumption of raw or undercooked liver and visceral organs of camel by humans of this region, the importance of careful inspection at slaughter needs to be emphasized.

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“…Follicular hyperplasia was also evident. Previous studies on the macroscopic appearance of nodes infected with parasitic nymphs have also reported enlarged lymph nodes with loose consistency and black discoloration as well as abscess formation, hemorrhagic and necrosis (Miclăuş et al, 2008;Sivakumar et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Infection and pathological lesions of lymph nodes induced by Linguatula serrata nymphs in one-humped camels in Iran

Tavassoli

Hobbenaghi

Kargozari

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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Linguatula serrata (Pentastomida: Linguatulidae) known tong-worm is a cosmopolitan, zoonotic, and obligate endoparasite. The parasite lives in the nasopharyngeal region of the final hosts, which primarily include dogs and other carnivores. Various herbivores, including, camels serve as the best intermediate hosts for nymph stages. In present study the mesenteric lymph nodes of 101camels were examined for infection to L. serrata macroscopically and histopathologically. The infected and normal lymph nodes were processed for histopathology. The results indicated that out of 101 sampled 33 (32.67%) were infected. Macroscopic examination revealed that the infected lymph nodes are swollen and dark, with rubbery consistency, some with subcapsular hemorrhage on cutting. Extensive hemorrhage occurred in various parts of infected lymph nodes. A section of L. serrata parasite was observed near one of the hemorrhage centers. Neutrophil count was very high in these centers and giant cells were present around the parasite, indicating granulomatous reaction. Our findings confirmed that different regions of Iran is an endemic for L. serrata infections. Because L. serrata is a zoonotic parasite, preventive measures should be adopted to disrupt the parasite’s life cycle and minimize the risk of infection in both humans and other animals.

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Histological evidence for inoculative action of immature Linguatula serrata in lymph nodes of intermediate host

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

Prevalence of Linguatula serrata nymphs and pathological lesions of infected mesenteric lymph nodes among ruminants in Kermanshah, western Iran

Prevalence of Linguatula serrata nymphs and pathological lesions of infected mesenteric lymph nodes among ruminants in Kermanshah, western Iran

Prevalence, biology, pathology, and public health importance of linguatulosis of camel in Iran

Infection and pathological lesions of lymph nodes induced by Linguatula serrata nymphs in one-humped camels in Iran

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