Histological observations of palatal malformations in rat embryos induced by retinoic acid treatment

Emmanouil-Nikoloussi, Elpida-Niki; Goret-Nicaise, M.; Foroglou, Pericles; Kerameos-Foroglou, Ch.; Persaud, T. V. N.; Thlivers, J.A.; Dhem, Antoine

doi:10.1016/s0940-2993(00)80079-2

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The first of each eight serial sections was histochemically stained with Heidenhain’s Azocarmine–Aniline Blue (AZAN). This trichrome staining renders the condensation of the nucleus (deep red color) and the shrinkage of the cytoplasm better recognizable, in comparison to other histochemical stainings and, thus, is suitable for the detection of cellular apoptosis [ 31 ].…”

Section: ⧉ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of neuronal apoptosis in Valproic Acid brain-related teratogenesis: a histochemical and immunohistochemical study in BALB/c mice

Μanthou

Meditskou²,

Lykartsis³

et al. 2021

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the teratogenic effects of Valproic Acid (VPA) and to investigate the role of apoptosis in neural tissue development. Although an apoptotic activity due to VPA has been reported, a direct connection of VPA-induced apoptosis with embryonic brain and/or spine malformations and teratogenesis has not yet been established. Materials and Methods : VPA was administered to BALB/c mice, from the 7 th to the 10 th gestational days. Macroscopical congenital anomalies were registered under a stereomicroscope and were further histologically studied. Immunohistochemistry was performed with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Results : Birth defects were described and an increase of the apoptotic activity in the brain was immunohistochemically identified. Conclusions : Considering the increased and very intense TUNEL expression of the neural cells of treated animals’ fetuses, it is suggested that VPA triggers a pathological increase of apoptosis resulting in an imbalance between cell proliferation and cell death, the final result of which is malformation.

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Section: ⧉ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of neuronal apoptosis in Valproic Acid brain-related teratogenesis: a histochemical and immunohistochemical study in BALB/c mice

Μanthou

Meditskou²,

Lykartsis³

et al. 2021

Rom J Morphol Embryol

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“…These studies indicate that RA suppresses proper palatogenesis through reducing proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells and inducing their apoptosis. In addition, similar to limb development, high concentrations of RA suppress chondrogenesis and bone formation in the developing hard palate (Emmanouil-Nikoloussi et al, 2000b;Li et al, 2014;Yu and Xing, 2006a). These studies indicate that proper regulation of the endogenous RA concentrations is a key factor in palatal shelf outgrowth, elevation and adhesion.…”

Section: Ra In the Development Of Craniofacial Structures: The Second...mentioning

confidence: 70%

“…↓Chondrogenesis and bone formation in the developing hard palate (Emmanouil-Nikoloussi et al, 2000b;Li et al, 2014;Yu and Xing, 2006a) Molecular interactions…”

Section: Epidermis Limbs Palatementioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoic acid signalling in the development of the epidermis, the limbs and the secondary palate

Mammadova

Zhou²,

Carels³

et al. 2016

Differentiation

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“…A direct relationship between RA concentration, Hox genes expression, and craniofacial, vertebral and limb morphogenesis has been well documented [82][83][84][85]. The first step in the synthesis of RA is the conversion of retinol to retinal, a reaction catalyzed by the alcohol dheydrogenase enzymes; the second step is the conversion of retinal to RA, oxidation mediated by aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes.…”

Section: Retinoic Acid Unbalancementioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of teratogenesis: Suggestions from animal studies

Giavini

Menegola

2012

Reproductive Toxicology

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a b s t r a c tBiomarkers of effect are measurable biochemical, physiological or other alterations within an organism that can be recognized as causing an established or potential impairment of embryo-fetal development. They may be identified studying the mechanisms of action of teratogens. Hyperacetylation of histones, oxidative stress, cholesterol and retinoic acid unbalance are some of the identified mechanisms of action of some known teratogens. Nevertheless, their use is not currently applicable in human pregnancy because of the difficulty of the choice of biological material, the time when the material must be obtained, and the invasivity of methods. Furthermore, before using them in human pregnancy studies, biomarkers should be validated in experimental animals and in epidemiologic studies. On the contrary, some biomarkers could be useful in the screening of developmental toxicity of chemicals and drugs, comparing molecules of the same chemical class or with the similar pharmacologic activity, and using adequate in vitro tests, in order to reduce the use of experimental animals.

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Histological observations of palatal malformations in rat embryos induced by retinoic acid treatment

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

The role of neuronal apoptosis in Valproic Acid brain-related teratogenesis: a histochemical and immunohistochemical study in BALB/c mice

The role of neuronal apoptosis in Valproic Acid brain-related teratogenesis: a histochemical and immunohistochemical study in BALB/c mice

Retinoic acid signalling in the development of the epidermis, the limbs and the secondary palate

Biomarkers of teratogenesis: Suggestions from animal studies

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