Histology of the Human Carotid Sheath Revisited

Hayashi, Shogo

doi:10.2535/ofaj.84.49

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Using epoxy sheet plastinations, Zhang and Lee (2002) observed that the carotid sheath became attached to the subcutaneous fatty tissue without any clear demarcation by a fascia. Likewise, according to photographs shown in the report by Hayashi (2007), the subcutaneous fatty tissue made contact with the carotid sheath. In the present fetuses, the developing fatty tissue provided a thick sheet extending dorsolaterally from the adventitia of the CCA to the subcutaneous area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…We speculated that the final morphology is established during postnatal development and modified according to pathological conditions such as lymph node inflammation. Thus, it seems likely that, as Hayashi (2007) suggested, the adult morphology varies significantly among individuals, and that the typical morphology (i.e., a complete common sheath) is rather rare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The common sheath was often interrupted or unclear, depending on sites and individuals, but the adventitia was a consistent feature. Hayashi (2007) also demonstrated that the common sheath often fused with the visceral fascia to provide a thick connective tissue plate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Notably, most previous anatomical information seems to have been based on the pioneering study of Grodinsky and Holyoke (1938), in which the fascial planes were demonstrated as line-drawings based on observations of macroscopic slices of late-stage fetuses. However, to our knowledge, even in adults, histological studies of the carotid sheath have been limited in terms of both number and the areas examined (Parsons, 1910;Piffer, 1980;Zhang and Lee, 2002;Hayashi, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using histological sections of eight sides of five elderly cadavers, one of the present authors, Hayashi (2007), recently classified the carotid sheath into two parts or laminae: (1) a laminar structure, the ''adventitia,'' enclosing each of the cervical great vessels and (2) a ''common sheath'' outside the adventitia. It was considered that the arterial and venous adventitial structures sometimes fused mutually and provided a septum-like connective tissue cord passing between the artery and the vein.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fetal Anatomy of the Human Carotid Sheath and Structures In and Around It

Miyake

Hayashi

Kawase

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

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The aim of this study was to find basic rules governing the morphological development of the typical neurovascular sheath. We carried out histological examination of 15 paraffin-embedded mid-term fetuses at 9-25 weeks of gestation (three fetuses each at 9, 12, 15, 20, and 25 weeks). As the result, the vagus nerve showed a high propensity to change its topographical relationship with the common carotid artery (CCA) during 9-20 weeks of gestation: that is, from a primitive ventral course to a final dorsal course. The adventitia of the great arteries, which was distinct from other fascial structures, became evident by 15 weeks. The carotid sheath appeared at and after 20 weeks: it was clearly separated from the prevertebral lamina of the deep cervical fasciae, but fused with the pretracheal lamina covering the strap muscles. Thus the carotid sheath, as well as the topographical relationships of structures within it, seems to become established much later than the prevertebral and pretracheal laminae of the deep cervical fasciae. However, the adventitia of the cervical great arteries consistently becomes evident much earlier than the sheath, and it seems to be regarded as one of the basic components of the fetal deep cervical fasciae. Anat Rec, 293:438-445, 2010

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fetal Anatomy of the Human Carotid Sheath and Structures In and Around It

Miyake

Hayashi

Kawase

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

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Fetal anatomy of the lower cervical and upper thoracic fasciae with special reference to the prevertebral fascial structures including the suprapleural membrane

et al. 2011

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The aim of this study was to find basic rules governing the fetal anatomy of the deep cervical fasciae and their connections to the mediastinal fasciae. We examined the histology of paraffin-embedded preparations of 18 mid-term fetuses (5 between 9 and 12 weeks of gestation, 3 between 15 and 18 weeks, and 10 between 20 and 25 weeks). The prevertebral lamina of the deep cervical fasciae (PLDCF) developed as an intermediate aponeurosis for the bilateral bellies of the longus colli muscles. In contrast, the alar fascia developed as a connecting band between the bilateral adventitiae of the common carotid artery. The retropharyngeal fascia became evident much later than the latter two fasciae. The fascia covering the thymus was thicker than the fascia for the strap muscles (the pretracheal lamina of the cervical fascia). The primitive suprapleural membrane, or Sibson's fascia, contained veins and fatty tissues, and was composed of the alar fascia rather than the PLDCF, tranversalis fascia, or endothoracic fascia. The prevertebral two-laminar configuration was rather evident in the early stages of development because, in the later stages, the fasciae together provided a multilaminar structure, especially in the lateral area in front of the longus colli, which suspended the cupula pleurae. To consider a continuation from the base of the neck to the upper mediastinum, the alar fascia seems to be a key structure for connecting the vascular sheath to the parietal pleura.

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Suprahyoid neck fascial configuration, especially in the posterior compartment of the parapharyngeal space: A histological study using late‐stage human fetuses

et al. 2012

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The fascial configuration in the suprahyoid parapharyngeal space was evaluated using semiserial sagittal sections of 15 late-stage human fetal heads. The prevertebral fascia covered the longus colli, longus capitis, and rectus capitis lateralis muscles, but was most evident along the longus colli muscle. The carotid sheath and its extension were located around the internal and external carotid arteries and the lower cranial nerves. The superior cervical ganglion was also inside the sheath. Even near full term, the fetal suprahyoid neck was short, with the jugular foramen and hypoglossal canal located at the posterolateral side of the oropharynx. Thus, the glossopharyngeal and accessory nerves ran across the upper part of the carotid sheath. Fasciae of the stylopharyngeus, styloglossus, and stylohyoideus muscles were attached to and joined the anterosuperior aspect of the carotid sheath. All these neurovascular and muscle sheaths are communicated with the visceral fascia covering the pharynx at multiple sites, and, together, they formed a mesentery-like bundle. This communication bundle was made narrow by the anteriorly protruding longus capitis muscle. The mesentery-like bundle was covered by the posterior marginal fascia of the prestyloid compartment of the parapharyngeal space. The external carotid artery ran on the lateral and posterior sides of the posterior marginal fascia. Consequently, the typical carotid sheath configuration was modified by muscle sheaths from the styloid process, communicated with the visceral fascia and, anteriorly, constituted the posterior margin of the prestyloid space.

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Histology of the Human Carotid Sheath Revisited

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Fetal Anatomy of the Human Carotid Sheath and Structures In and Around It

Fetal Anatomy of the Human Carotid Sheath and Structures In and Around It

Fetal anatomy of the lower cervical and upper thoracic fasciae with special reference to the prevertebral fascial structures including the suprapleural membrane

Suprahyoid neck fascial configuration, especially in the posterior compartment of the parapharyngeal space: A histological study using late‐stage human fetuses

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