Histomonosis in poultry: previous and current strategies for prevention and therapy

Liebhart, Dieter; Ganas, Petra; Sulejmanovic, Tarik; Heß, Michael

doi:10.1080/03079457.2016.1229458

Cited by 67 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 113 publications

(97 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Vaccines being evaluated for use in control of histomoniasis would be highly beneficial for backyard flock owners as well as commercial flocks. 5,25,34 Most fungal infections are opportunistic and can be attributed to poor management of the flock environment. Evidence of fungal infection in flocks may signify issues with environmental and equipment sanitation and moldy feed and litter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of mortality in backyard poultry in eight states in the United States

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A comprehensive understanding of common diseases of backyard poultry flocks is important to providing poultry health information to flock owners, veterinarians, and animal health officials. We collected autopsy reports over a 3-y period (2015-2017) from diagnostic laboratories in 8 states in the United States; 2,509 reports were collected, involving autopsies of 2,687 birds. The primary cause of mortality was categorized as infectious, noninfectious, neoplasia or lymphoproliferative disease, or undetermined. Neoplasia or lymphoproliferative disease was the most common primary diagnosis and involved 42% of the total birds autopsied; 63% of these cases were diagnosed as Marek's disease or leukosis/sarcoma. Bacterial, parasitic, and viral organisms were commonly detected, involving 42%, 28%, and 7% of the birds autopsied, respectively, with 2 or more organisms detected in 69% of birds. Our findings demonstrate the importance of educating flock owners about disease prevention and biosecurity practices. The detection of zoonotic bacteria including paratyphoid salmonellae, Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Mycobacterium avium, and the detection of lead and other heavy metals, indicate public health risks to flock owners and consumers of backyard flock egg and meat products.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of mortality in backyard poultry in eight states in the United States

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As these intermediates behave as detergents, however, they can induce cell damage and ultimately cell death. Hypoxia is also known for leading to mitochondrial architectural changes such as degeneration of cristae and, to some extent, dissolution of the matrix or the entire mitochondrion (Polak, et al, 2009 ; Papah, et al, 2017 ). Given the fact that fast growing broilers also have a low total amount of mitochondria makes them more susceptible to damage due to prolonged anaerobic metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the cause of white striping in broilers using metabolomics

Boerboom¹,

Kempen

Navarro-Villa³

et al. 2018

Poultry Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

White striping (WS) is a major problem affecting the broiler industry. Fillets affected by this myopathy present pathologies that compromise the quality of the meat, and most importantly, make the fillets more prone to rejection by the consumer. The exact etiology is still unknown, which is why a metabolomics analysis was performed on breast samples of broilers. The overall objective was to identify biological pathways involved in the pathogenesis of WS. The analysis was performed on a total of 51 muscle samples and distinction was made between normal (n = 19), moderately affected (n = 24) and severely affected (n = 8) breast fillets. Samples were analyzed using gas chromatographic mass spectral analysis and liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Data were subsequently standardized, normalized and analyzed using various multivariate statistical procedures. Metabolomics allowed for the identification of several pathways that were altered in white striped breast fillets. The tricarboxylic acid cycle exhibited opposing directionalities. This is described in literature as the backflux and enables the TCA cycle to produce high-energy phosphates through matrix-level phosphorylation and, therefore, produce energy under conditions of hypoxia. Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation was limited due to disturbances in especially cis-5–14:1 carnitine (log2 FC of 2, P < 0.01). Because of this, accumulation of harmful fatty acids took place, especially long-chain ones, which damages cell structures. Conversion of arginine to citrulline increased presumably to produce nitric oxide, which enhances blood flow under conditions of hypoxia. Nitric oxide however also increases oxidative damage. Increases in taurine (log2 FC of 1.2, P < 0.05) suggests stabilization of the sarcolemma under hypoxic conditions. Lastly, organic osmolytes (sorbitol, taurine, and alanine) increased (P < 0.05) in severely affected birds; likely this disrupts cell volume maintenance. Based on the results of this study, hypoxia was the most likely cause/initiator of WS in broilers. We speculate that birds suffering from WS have a vascular support system in muscle that is borderline adequate to support growth, but triggers like activity results in local hypoxia that damages tissue.

show abstract

“…Such attenuated parasites which are propagated in vitro in a mixed bacterial content, termed as xenic culture, were proven to be safe and effective as a vaccine (Liebhart et al, 2011 , 2013 ). Among the known prevention and therapeutic approaches that have been considered against H. meleagridis , live attenuated vaccination was recognized to be the most promising, albeit not yet commercially available (reviewed in Liebhart et al, 2017 ). The further development of the mono-eukaryotic culture by replacing the mixed bacterial flora with Escherichia coli DH5α, showed no effect on the attenuation process (Ganas et al, 2012 ) and was an important tool for detailed molecular studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Alliance of Gel-Based and Gel-Free Proteomic Techniques Displays Substantial Insight Into the Proteome of a Virulent and an Attenuated Histomonas meleagridis Strain

Monoyios

Hummel

Nöbauer

et al. 2018

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The unicellular protozoan Histomonas meleagridis is notorious for being the causative agent of histomonosis, which can cause high mortality in turkeys and substantial production losses in chickens. The complete absence of commercially available curative strategies against the disease renders the devising of novel approaches a necessity. A fundamental step toward this objective is to understand the flagellate's virulence and attenuation mechanisms. For this purpose we have previously conducted a comparative proteomic analysis of an in vitro cultivated virulent and attenuated histomonad parasite using two-dimensional electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF/TOF. The current work aimed to substantially extend the knowledge of the flagellate's proteome by applying 2D-DIGE and sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH) MS as tools on the two well-defined strains. In the gel-based experiments, 49 identified protein spots were found to be differentially expressed, of which 37 belonged to the in vitro cultivated virulent strain and 12 to the attenuated one. The most frequently identified proteins in the virulent strain take part in cytoskeleton formation, carbohydrate metabolism and adaptation to stress. However, post-translationally modified or truncated ubiquitous cellular proteins such as actin and GAPDH were identified as upregulated in multiple gel positions. This indicated their contribution to processes not related to cytoskeleton and carbohydrate metabolism, such as fibronectin or plasminogen binding. Proteins involved in cell division and cytoskeleton organization were frequently observed in the attenuated strain. The findings of the gel-based studies were supplemented by the gel-free SWATH MS analysis, which identified and quantified 42 significantly differentially regulated proteins. In this case proteins with peptidase activity, metabolic proteins and actin-regulating proteins were the most frequent findings in the virulent strain, while proteins involved in hydrogenosomal carbohydrate metabolism dominated the results in the attenuated one.

show abstract

Histomonosis in poultry: previous and current strategies for prevention and therapy

Cited by 67 publications

References 113 publications

Causes of mortality in backyard poultry in eight states in the United States

Causes of mortality in backyard poultry in eight states in the United States

Unraveling the cause of white striping in broilers using metabolomics

An Alliance of Gel-Based and Gel-Free Proteomic Techniques Displays Substantial Insight Into the Proteome of a Virulent and an Attenuated Histomonas meleagridis Strain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About