Histomorphological and Histochemical Studies of the Stomach of the Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos)

Abstract

The study aimed to find out the histomorphological and histochemical structures of the walls of the stomach parts in mallard. To conduct this investigation, twelve healthy birds were collected from local suppliers at Baghdad province. Later on, birds were subdivided into three equal subdivisions, each of four for gross, histological and histochemical approaches. All birds were anesthetized and their abdomens were dissected, then their stomach were identified and photographed in situ. Organs were grossly described and specimens were immersed either in 10% neutral buffered formalin or in Bouin's solution for histological fixation and then processed for histological and histochemical staining techniques, which were comprised Hematoxylin-eosin, Masson Trichrome, Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and PAS-Alcian Blue (AB) (pH 2.5). The gross findings showed that the stomach was consisted of two distinguishable chambers, that were proventriculus and ventriculus. The proventriculus was tubular-shaped organ. The ventriculus appeared fusiform in shape and covered by thin fatty tissue. There was well demarcation between proventriculus and ventriculus. Histologically, the proventriculus mucosa lining was simple columnar epithelium. The submucosal consists of numerous and voluminous deep submucosal glands. The covering of the ventriculus was simple cuboidal. Presence of thick cuticle layer with well-developed muscular stomach. Muscularis mucosa appeared characteristically thick layer of smooth muscle bundles arranged as, inner circular and outer longitudinal layers. The tunica muscularis appeared, as a very thick structure of smooth muscles fibers. Three layers of muscles were distinguished that were thin inner, outer longitudinal and very thick intermediate circular layers.

Histomorphological, histochemical and scanning electron microscopic investigation of the proventriculus (Ventriculus glandularis) of the hooded crow (Corvus cornix)

“…The location of the deep proventricular glands within the proventricular wall remains controversial; the current investigation revealed that these glands were located in the tunica submucosa. This result was in accordance with Selvan et al (2008) and Al-Saffar and Al-Samawy (2015) in the mallard and Batah et al (2012) in the coot bird, who reported the same site of the deep proventricular glands.…”

“…The location of the deep proventricular glands within the proventricular wall remains controversial; the current investigation revealed that these glands were located in the tunica submucosa. This result was in accordance with Selvan et al (2008) and Al‐Saffar and Al‐Samawy (2015) in the mallard and Batah et al (2012) in the coot bird, who reported the same site of the deep proventricular glands. In contrast to these results, Ogunkoya and Cook (2009) and Sayrafi and Aghagolzadeh (2019) reported two different locations, within the lamina muscularis mucosa and in the lamina propria, respectively.…”

“…This result was in agreement with that observed by Rocha and de Lima (1998) in the owl, and Rossi et al (2005) in the partridge. On the contrary, it differed from that observed by Al‐Saffar and Al‐Samawy (2015) who noticed a reverse arrangement of the tunica muscularis: a thin inner longitudinal and a thick outer circular, and Banks (1992) in fowl and Catroxo et al (1997) in red‐capped cardinal, who reported three layers of smooth muscle fibres forming the tunica muscularis: inner longitudinal, middle circular and outer longitudinal. However, Denbow (2000) in parrots observed only the inner circular layer and recorded the absence of the outer longitudinal.…”

Macro‐ and microstructures of the digestive tract in the Eurasian collared dove, Streptopelia decaocto (Frivaldszky 1838): Adaptive interplay between structure and dietary niche

“…Al-Saffar & Al-Samawy, 2015;El-Shammaa, El-Sakhawy, EL-Leithy, & Youssef, 2019;Kadhim et al, 2011;Sayrafi & Aghagolzadeh, 2020;Zhu, 2015a).…”

Comparative Histological Study of the Stomach in Two Species of Iraqi Vertebrates (Magpie Pica pica L. and Small Asian Mongoose Herpestes javanicus E.)

“…The mucosa consisted simple columnar epithelium in the form of short folds confined by gastric pits. The lamina properia contained simple tubular glands that open at the base of the gastric pits among folds and fill the cavity with koilin, which is consistent with (18). The koilin appears to be positive for AB/PAS stain, because koilin is protein-like substance (16,19).…”