Histomorphological, histochemical and scanning electron microscopic investigation of the proventriculus (Ventriculus glandularis) of the hooded crow (<i>Corvus cornix</i>)

Maksoud, Mohamed Abdel; Ibrahim, Azza A. H.; Nabil, Taghreed Mohamed; Moawad, Usama Kamal

doi:10.1111/ahe.12798

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The wall of the moorhen proventriculus appeared in the present study containing superficial (mucosal) and deep (submucosal) proventricular glands. A similar presence of these glands has also been reported in the proventriculus of moorhen [ 37 ] and other avian species including the red jungle fowl [ 38 ], turkey [ 39 ] and hooded crow [ 40 ]. Additionally, the present study found that the deep proventricular glands filled a massive part of the proventricular wall, about two-thirds of the total wall thickness, suggesting a strong digestive ability for the studied species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Anatomical, histochemical, and immunohistochemical observations on the gastrointestinal tract of Gallinula chloropus (Aves: Rallidae)

Abdellatif¹,

Farag²,

Metwally³

2022

BMC Zool

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Background Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus, 1758) is a wild aquatic omnivorous bird characterized by a marked resistance to harsh environmental conditions and a worldwide distribution. In this study, anatomical, morphometrical, histochemical, and immunohistochemical techniques were employed to study the structure of the gastrointestinal tract of Gallinula chloropus. Results The esophagus appeared tubular with no distinct crop. Both superficial (SPG) and deep (DPG) proventricular glands were present. The DPG filled about two-thirds of the total wall thickness. Histochemically, the mucosubstances revealed mixed alcian blue-PAS positive reactions. They were mainly localized in the acini of the esophageal glands and SPG, gastric surface epithelium, duct system of DPG, and intestinal goblet cells. The highest number of goblet cells per every 1 mm2 of the intestinal mucosa was seen within the ileum and rectum, 2555 ± 468 and 2607 ± 653 respectively. Notably, glucagon immunoreactive (IR) cells were abundant in the mucosa of the small and large intestines and the proventriculus, while somatostatin IR cells were concentrated within the acini of the DPG. IR cells for the mitosis marker phospho-histone H3 (PHH3) were highest within the entire intestinal crypts and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT). In contrast, cells IR for the apoptosis marker C.CASP3 were remarkable in epithelial cells at the tips of intestinal villi and in MALT, reflecting the dynamic nature of the latter mentioned structures. Conclusions The findings of the present study advance our knowledge of the gross and microscopic anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract in wild birds and could help to enhance the productivity of Aves via improving gut health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Anatomical, histochemical, and immunohistochemical observations on the gastrointestinal tract of Gallinula chloropus (Aves: Rallidae)

Abdellatif¹,

Farag²,

Metwally³

2022

BMC Zool

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“…Histology of the WWBT proventriculus wall showed mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa, as reported in many avian species (Abdel Maksoud et al, 2022; Ahmed et al, 2011; Beheiry, 2018; Eidaroos et al, 2008; El‐Mansi et al, 2021; Ibrahim et al, 2020; Kadhim et al, 2011; Sinha et al, 2018). The submucosa layer is, however, not observed in some birds, such as yellow‐billed grosbeak (Zhu et al, 2013), and black‐tailed crake (Zhu, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Additionally, Abdel Maksoud et al (2022) in crow, Ahmed et al (2011) in quail, and Kadhim et al (2011) in red jungle fowl, found the apices of the lamina epithelialis notably showed +ve PAS (neutral mucin) and AB reactions (acidic mucin). These reports are consistent with our findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Lamina propria at the proventriculus and the junction with the esophagus showed lymphoid infiltration in red jungle fowl (Kadhim et al, 2011). Intraepithelial lymphocytes and lymphatic aggregations are mainly found at the bases of mucosal folds and in the lamina propria in crows (Abdel Maksoud et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found that the height of lining secretory cells of the proventricular glands was the smallest near the junction with the esophagus. These cells are cuboidal in turkey (Beheiry, 2018), and crow (Abdel Maksoud et al, 2022), cuboidal to columnar in red jungle fowl (Kadhim et al, 2011), and prismatic in Eurasian collared dove (El‐Mansi et al, 2021). Additionally, varying sized homogenous lucent secretory granules in the form of bubbles were observed within the secretory cells by TEM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histomorphology and ultrastructure of the proventriculus of the broad breasted white turkey (Meleagris gallopavo, Linnaeus 1758)

Madkour

Kandyel

2022

Microscopy Res & Technique

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This study aims to examine the functional morphology of the proventriculus of the broad breasted white turkey (BBWT) (Meleagris gallopavo, Linnaeus 1758) using gross anatomy, light microscopy, gross/histomorphometric analysis, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The proventriculus was characterized internally by many elevated papillae with a mound, leafy flower, and lotus flower‐shapes. Each papilla was enclosed by concentrically organized mucosal folds with distinct or indistinct proventricular gland openings on its top. Longitudinal folds and grooves at the junction of the proventriculus with the esophagus exhibited various sized and shaped openings of esophageal glands with irregular outlines. Histologically, the surface epithelium of the proventriculus was covered by a thin layer of cuticle, particularly evident at its junction with the gizzard. The lamina epithelialis and propria, and secretory units of proventricular lobules were infiltrated by aggregations of lymphocytes and lymphoid follicles (nodules). Variably shaped glandular lobules of proventricular glands occupied the submucosa, surrounded by thin strands of smooth muscle fibers derived from muscularis mucosa. Triangular, cuboidal, or columnar‐shaped secretory oxyntico‐peptic cells lined the secretory units. Many telocytes (pyramidal or fusiform‐shaped cell bodies with lengthy telopodes) were observed in interstitial tissue. Further, two types of argyrophilic endocrine cells were identified within the glandular epithelium. The morphology of the M. gallopavo proventriculus reflects its dietary habits and behavior.

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Anatomical distribution of celiac artery with histochemical investigation to the proventriculus of barn owl (Tyto alba)

Maher

Hussein

2023

Zoomorphology

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The present investigation was performed to transpire the celiac artery distribution, histological, and histochemical characteristics of the proventriculus in eight adult barn owls (Tyto alba) of both sexes. Six birds were subjected to anatomical investigation of the celiac artery distribution and two owls were used for routine histomorphological techniques. The proventricular length, width, and lumen diameter were measured at 14.18 ± 0.08, 6.46 ± 0.17 and 1.46 ± 0.14 mm, respectively. The celiac artery in barn owl gave off six collateral arteries before its division into right and left branches. The arteria hepatica dextra does not originate from the right celiac division. Unlike other birds, there were left dorsal and left ventral gastric arteries. Histologically, the proventricular wall consisted of main four tunics. The lining epithelium is simple columnar with plicae and sulci. The muscularis mucosa is absent. The submucosal gastric glands were in two rows in the cranial proventricular portion while were arranged in one parallel row in the middle and caudal portions with pear-shaped, oval to round tubuloalveolar lobules. The mucosal folds, tubular mucosal glands, tubuloalveolar lobules, and their mucus secretion in the collecting ducts were positively reacted to PAS and alcian blue stains. The interlobular collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and reticular network were intensely reacted to Masson’s trichrome, Orcein, and Gomori's reticulin stains, respectively. These anatomical and histomorphological features of the barn owl proventriculus were aimed to provide recent data comparable with most species of birds and the presence of diversity that might be attributed to their feeding demeanor.

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Histomorphological, histochemical and scanning electron microscopic investigation of the proventriculus (Ventriculus glandularis) of the hooded crow (Corvus cornix)

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Anatomical, histochemical, and immunohistochemical observations on the gastrointestinal tract of Gallinula chloropus (Aves: Rallidae)

Anatomical, histochemical, and immunohistochemical observations on the gastrointestinal tract of Gallinula chloropus (Aves: Rallidae)

Histomorphology and ultrastructure of the proventriculus of the broad breasted white turkey (Meleagris gallopavo, Linnaeus 1758)

Anatomical distribution of celiac artery with histochemical investigation to the proventriculus of barn owl (Tyto alba)

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