Histomorphometrical and Histochemical Study of Caecum in Adult Muscovy Ducks (Cairina moschata)

Saleh, Thekra Fadel; Altaey, Omar

doi:10.17582/journal.aavs/2023/11.6.1021.1029

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…The cecum of ducks is highly developed and plays a significant role in microbial digestion. Cecum micro-organisms play an important role in the physiological processes of growth, metabolism [28], and host health maintenance [29]. Microorganisms of the caecum have superior properties in fiber degradation, and the isolation of bacteria from duck excreta is expected to produce bacteria with superior properties similar to those found in the caecum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from duck excreta

Ludfiani,

Asmara,

Arianti

2024

Vet World

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Background and Aim: The production of lignocellulosic biomass waste in the agricultural sector of Indonesia is quite high annually. Utilization of lignocellulosic biomass waste through fermentation technology can be used as feed and biofuel. Fermentation technology requires the involvement of micro-organisms such as bacteria (lactic acid bacteria or LAB). LABs can be isolated from various sources, such as duck excreta. However, there have not been many reports of LAB from duck excreta. The present study aimed to characterize LAB enzymes isolated from duck excreta and obtain LAB enzymes with superior fermentation properties. Materials and Methods: A total of 11 LAB cultures obtained from duck excreta in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, were tested. Enzyme characterization of each LAB was performed using the API ZYM kit (BioMérieux, Marcy-I’Etoile, France). The bacterial cell suspension was dropped onto the API ZYMTM cupule using a pipette and incubated for 4 h at 37°C. After incubation, ZYM A and ZYM B were dripped onto the API ZYM cupule, and color changes were observed for approximately 10 s under a strong light source. Results: Esterase activity was moderate for all LABs. The activity of α-chymotrypsin, β-glucuronidase, α-fucosidase, and α-mannosidase was not observed in a total of 10 LAB. The phosphohydrolase and amino peptidase enzyme activity of seven LABs was strong. Only six LAB samples showed protease activity. The glycosyl hydrolase (GH) activity was observed in a total of 8 LAB, while the activity of 2 LAB was strong (Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis K5 and Lactobacillus brevis M4A). Conclusion: A total of 2 LABs have superior properties. L. lactis subsp. lactis K5 and L. brevis M4A have a high potential to be used in fermentation. They have the potential for further research, such as their effectiveness in fermentation, lignocellulose hydrolysis, feed additives, molecular characterization to detect specific enzymes, and their specific activities. Keywords: API ZYM, duck, enzyme, excreta, lactic acid bacteria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from duck excreta

Ludfiani,

Asmara,

Arianti

2024

Vet World

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Biotyping and genotyping of seven strains of Cutibacterium acnes

Mahmood,

Mohammad

2024

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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Bacterial typing is the process of distinguishing between different strains, it is essential for epidemiology, identifying source of infection and guiding treatment. This study aimed to detect the biotypes and genotypes for seven strains of Cutibacterium acnes obtained from the University of Mosul, already isolated from individuals with acne vulgaris in Mosul city (Iraq) and diagnosed by the molecular method based on 16S rRNA gene. Accuracy in biotyping depended on which type of the sugar (ribose, erythritol and sorbitol) was consumed by C. acnes, each sugar was placed separately in culture media with 1% concentration in the presence of phenol red to detect sugar fermentation. The C. acnes isolates were cultured anaerobically for 3 days at 37 ºC. The results showed that four biotypes (I, III, IV and V) emerged in our isolates indicated by the change in color of the medium from orange to yellow depending on the fermentable sugar. The distribution percentage of bacteria among these biotype was dominated by the V biotype (42.8%), while the III biotype was percentage (28.6%) and the I and IV biotypes each took up a lesser percentage (14.3%). It is worth mentioning that the II biotype didn’t appear at all in any of the isolates. For genotype, it was based on genes (16s rRNA, ATPase, atpD, Toxin Fic family, recA, and soda), DNA was extracted and special primers were used, then they were amplified by PCR technique, after electrophoresis, the resulting bands showed that the seven isolates of C. acnes were distributed into two genotypes only. One of them is I A2 which the isolate CS6 belonged to, another genotype is a new one- it is worth noting that it is prevalent in six isolates out of seven, and contains (16s rRNA, ATPase, atpD, recA, and sodA) genes, and because it is a new genotype that was unique to our isolates in this study, we called it IV genotype. The conclusion of this study is that the biotyping and genotyping of C. acnes differed from other typing in another countries, therefore, caution should be exercised in using the appropriate treatment depending on the prevailing condition in the country and not adhering to what is known theoretically regarding the causes of infections.

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Histomorphometrical and Histochemical Study of Caecum in Adult Muscovy Ducks (Cairina moschata)

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Enzyme characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from duck excreta

Enzyme characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from duck excreta

Biotyping and genotyping of seven strains of Cutibacterium acnes

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