Histopathological alterations of selenium toxicity induced in broiler (Birds)

Abstract

A study was conducted to determine the pathological toxic effect of selenium (Sodium selenite). A total number 120 one day old White Leghorn (WLH) healthy broiler birds were randomly divided into A, B and C groups. Each group contain 40 birds daily administration of sodium selenite @ 30ppm and @ 15 ppm in group A and B, respectively and group C was given plain drinking water daily for 42 days and kept as control. Macroscopically and microscopically revealed varying degrees of congestion and haemorrhages in lungs, liver, kidneys, heart and intestine in selenium treated birds. The bursa of Fabricius showed depletion of lymphoid cells between the interfollicular spaces. A significant (P less than 0.05) decrease in the haemoglobin and packed cell volume was noticed in both the selenium fed groups but the total erythrocyte count remain unchanged. Biochemical parameter revealed slight decline in their activity of serum ALT and AST and increased level of BUN and creatinine in group A and B as compared to group C, suggesting some degree of renal dysfunctioning.

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“…Whereas, the group that received 2.5 mg/kg dose of SeNP showed somewhat distorted glomeruli (Figure 7L). Glomerular distortion has been reported in the past by Kumar, Gautam and Sinha in selenium-administered broiler birds 31Figure 7Histopathological cross-sections of SeNP administered (doses 2.5 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg) mice spleens compared to healthy control spleen at magnification 4X depicted clearly defined red and white pulp in all mice groups ( A , B , C , D , E ).…”

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

“…Other authors did not report changes in urea or creatinine concentrations in animals receiving therapeutic doses of selenium supplements (Juniper et al 2006, Shinde et al 2009, Bagnicka et al 2017). An increase in the above parameters could be indicative of kidney damage that accompanies hyperselenosis, and such observations were made by Ahmed et al (1998) in goats and by Kumar et al (2018) in birds. Selenium, in particular inorganic selenium, exerts nephrotoxic effects by damaging epithelial cells in proximal and distal convoluted tubules and inducing tubular damage.…”

“…The results of this study and the findings of other authors (Juniper et al 2006, Sobiech et al 2015, Bagnicka et al 2017 suggest that selenium supplementation is not correlated with total protein concentrations. According to Kumar et al (2018), hypoproteinemia in broiler chickens could be attributed to liver degeneration and/or necrosis resulting from the addition of sodium selenate (15 and 30 ppm) to drinking water. No significant changes in serum urea or creatinine concentrations were observed in the present study, which suggests that selenitetriglycerides do not compromise kidney function.…”