Histopathological and biological studies of the effect of cadmium on Rhinella arenarum gonads

Histopathological indices in sole (Solea solea) and hake (Merluccius merluccius) for implementation of the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive along the Basque continental shelf (SE Bay of Biscay)

“…The histopathological indices for gonad revealed no significant differences between species and gender, although male histopathological indices were always slightly lower than those of females, probably due to their reproductive role. A similar effect has been reported in some previous studies (Koehler, 2004), whereas others identified males as the most sensitive gender (Medina et al, 2012).…”

Effects of cadmium exposure on Iberian ribbed newt (<i>Pleurodeles waltl</i>) testes

“…In the present study, congestion was also observed in the testes of Iberian ribbed newts exposed to cadmium. Previous studies demonstrated congestion of interstitial blood vessels in the testes of frogs, fish, and rats exposed to cadmium 13 , 14 , 27 , 28 . The congestion is speculated to be associated with disruption of the vascular system 2 , 29 ; however, details of the pathogenesis of cadmium-induced congestion remain unclear.…”

“…As a result of runoff, aquatic ecosystems are the terminal receptacle of land-based chemicals 13 ; therefore, it is assumed that compared with terrestrial vertebrates, aquatic vertebrates are more readily affected by exposure to chemicals containing metals such as cadmium. Nevertheless, only a few histopathologic studies of cadmium-induced testicular dysfunction in amphibian species have been published 14 , 15 . In the testes of Rhinella arenarum , injection of 5 mg/kg of cadmium into the dorsal lymphatic sac daily for 15 days caused necrosis and apoptosis of germ cells and enlargement of the lumen of the interstitial vessels 14 .…”

“…Nevertheless, only a few histopathologic studies of cadmium-induced testicular dysfunction in amphibian species have been published 14 , 15 . In the testes of Rhinella arenarum , injection of 5 mg/kg of cadmium into the dorsal lymphatic sac daily for 15 days caused necrosis and apoptosis of germ cells and enlargement of the lumen of the interstitial vessels 14 . In the testes of Chinese fire-bellied newts exposed subcutaneously to 50 mg/kg of cadmium for 36 h, increases in the number of TUNEL-positive cells and increases in caspase-3 gene expression and enzyme activity were observed 15 .…”

Hepatic effects of the clomazone herbicide in both its free form and associated with chitosan-alginate nanoparticles in bullfrog tadpoles

“…Xenobiotics induce several sub lethal effects on amphibians, such as modification to cardiac functions (Costa et al, 2008;Dal-Medico et al, 2014;Salla et al, 2016;Watson et al, 2014), biochemical changes in several organs (Dornelles and Oliveira, 2014;Güng€ ordü et al, 2016;Maximiliano Attademo et al, 2015;Peltzer et al, 2013;Pereira et al, 2013), as well as morphological changes in the gonads (Abdalla et al, 2013;Li et al, 2015;Medina et al, 2012;Shi et al, 2014), testicles (Hayes et al, 2011), kidney (Çakıcı, 2015;Loumbourdis, 2005;Marques et al, 2009), skin (Van Meter et al, 2014;Walker et al, 1998) and liver (Bernab o et al, 2014;Ganser et al, 2003;Grassi et al, 2007;Lou et al, 2013;Loumbourdis, 2005;Marques et al, 2009). Xenobiotics can affect the reproduction, development and survival (Devi and Gupta, 2013;Finch et al, 2012;Flynn et al, 2015;Hooser et al, 2012;Svartz et al, 2012), among other effects such as endocrine alterations (Falfushynska et al, 2016), genomic damages (Gonçalves et al, 2015) and teratogenicity (Chae et al, 2015).…”