Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a petroleum derivative capable of inducing cancer in human
and animals. In this work, under laboratory conditions, we analyzed the responses of
Colossoma macropomum to B[a]P acute exposure through
intraperitoneal injection of four different B[a]P concentrations (4, 8, 16 and 32
μmol/kg) or corn oil (control group). We analyzed expression of the
ras oncogene and the Hypoxia-inducible factor-1
alpha (hif-1α) gene using quantitative real-time PCR.
Additionally, liver histopathological changes and genotoxic effects were evaluated
through the comet assay. Ras oncogene was overexpressed in fish
exposed to 4, 8 of 16 μmol/kg B[a]P, showing 4.96, 7.10 and 6.78-fold increases,
respectively. Overexpression also occurred in hif-1α in fish
injected with 4 and 8 μmol/kg B[a]P, showing 8.82 and 4.64-fold increases,
respectively. Histopathological damage in fish liver was classified as irreparable in
fish exposed to 8, 16 and 32 μmol/kg μM B[a]P. The genotoxic damage increased in fish
injected with 8 and 16 μmol/kg in comparison with the control group. Acute exposure
of B[a]P was capable to interrupt the expression of ras oncogene and
hif-1α, and increase DNA breaks due to tissue damage.