“…52 Using whole slide imaging data from the Cancer Genome Atlas and companion clinical data for these specimens, we assessed the prognostic relevance of these histological discriminants 53 54. Histopathology image-derived measurements, such as cell morphologies, spatial patterns of cellular organisation, in combination with a bag-of-words (BoW) approach53 55 was used to identify tissue subregions that have visually distinct properties (eg, nuclear morphology, patterns of spatial organisation) and were associated with time-to-malignant transformation. The BoW approach is akin to clustering image subregions (ie, patches) derived from the whole slide image of the tissue.…”