Histopathological studies of sesame (Sesamum indicum) seedlings infected with Fusarium oxysporum

Abstract

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most important and oldest oil seed crops, and vascular wilt caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum is the most destructive disease of sesame worldwide. Histopathological studies were conducted on sesame plants after artificial inoculation with F. oxysporum. Characteristic disease symptoms such as chlorotic and wilted leaves appeared 15-20 days after inoculation. Light microscopic studies revealed the presence of pathogen in xylem vessels during initial stages. The pathogen then moved to adjacent cortical and epidermal cells intercellularly causing disintegration of the cells. Formation of cavities and plugging of xylem vessels with gum was observed, which retards water and nutrient supply to plants, thus resulting in wilting and ultimately leading to death of plant.

Improving Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Seed Yield through Selection under Infection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami

“…It was first reported in the USA in 1950 [13]. Histopathological studies [14] indicated that the pathogen moved intercellularly adjacent cortical and epidermal cells, causing disintegration of the cells and blocking xylem vessels with gum, which retards water and nutrient supply to plants; thus, resulting in wilting and death of the plant.…”

Evaluation of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) Genotypes for Charcoal Rot (Macrophomina Phaseolina) Resistance

“…Due to its property of having potent antioxidant and high nutritive value sesame seed is regarded as "Seed of immortality" (Hansen, 2011).Sesame is innately a lowyield plant and its yield is further reduced by presence of different biotic and abiotic stresses. Sesame plants are severely affected by numerous pathogens that cause loss of about 7 million tons of yield per annum (Ara et al, 2017). Charcoal Rot is the most important disease of sesame, caused by Macrophmina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid .This is a soil borne fungus which can result into a severe yield loss of 5-100% (Meena et al, 2018. According to a recent survey, total loss caused due to infection by M. Phaseolina amounts to 57% of total yield (Bashir et al, 2017).…”

The Identification of Resistance Sources against Charcoal Rot of Sesame Incited by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid

“…Despite of its high nutritive, economic value and acreage, the production and productivity is low in the country due to several biotic and abiotic stresses. The crop is affected by several pathogens causing diseases and act as major damaging factor to sesame plants cultivated in the whole world with severe annual losses of 7 million tonnes (Ara et al, 2017). It is an important limiting factor for sesame production and affects severely at all crop growth stages.…”