Histopathological Study of Cyclosporine Pulmonary Toxicity in Rats

Abstract

Cyclosporine is considered one of the common worldwide immunosuppressive drugs that are used for allograft rejection prevention. However, articles that address adverse effects of cyclosporine use on the vital organs such as lung are still few. This study aims to investigate pulmonary toxic effect of cyclosporine in rats by assessment of pulmonary histopathological changes using light and electron microscope examination. Sixty male adult albino rats were divided into three groups; each group consists of twenty rats. The first received physiological saline while the second and third groups received 25 and 40 mg/kg/day of cyclosporine, respectively, by gastric gavage for forty-five days. Cyclosporine reduced the lung and body weight with shrinkage or pyknotic nucleus of pneumocyte type II, degeneration of alveoli and interalveolar septum beside microvilli on the alveolar surface, emphysema, inflammatory cellular infiltration, pulmonary blood vessels congestion, and increase of fibrous tissues in the interstitial tissues and around alveoli with negative Periodic Acid-Schiff staining. Prolonged use of cyclosporine induced pulmonary ultrastructural and histopathological changes with the lung and body weight reduction depending on its dose.

Comparative study of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its bulk form on liver function of Wistar rat

“…Additionally, the toxicity of ZnO NPs has been attributed to their physiochemical parameters such as size, shape, surface charge, and particle dissolution (Chang et al, 2012;Ivask et al, 2017;Yildirimer et al, 2011). Several reports showed an association between ZnO NPs exposure and multiple adverse effects on several organs such as lungs, liver, kidney, heart, and brain (Chen et al, 2017;Elshama et al, 2017;Tian et al, 2015). Moreover, inhalation and instillation of ZnO NPs were reported to result in lung inflammation and systemic toxicity as well as cardiopulmonary disorders (Chen et al, 2017;Vandebriel and De Jong, 2012).…”

Optical-Spectrometry-Based Method for Immunosuppressant Medicine Level Detection in Aqueous Solutions

“…This can lead to various diseases due to the immunosuppressive action, causing e.g., nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, among others. Consumption of aquaculture animals contaminated by CsA may lead to abnormalities in birds and mammals [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Histological and immunohistochemical study on the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on cerebellar cortex of adult male albino rats

“…Group III (ZnONP-2 treated group): (10 rats) were administered 200 mg/kg of ZnONPs dissolved in 0.5 ml saline via oral gavage once daily for two months [6] .…”

“…ZnONPs are detected in the water supply due to their environmental release within industrial and domestic discharge [8] so humans become more exposed to them via many routes like ingestion, inhalation and dermal penetration [6] . As they have small size so can pass the physiological barriers of the body and widely distributed in the circulation [9] .…”

“…Calcium-binding proteins are important in presynaptic and postsynaptic signaling [22] and that is essential in protection of the brain from injury [23] . Other studies [6] focused on the effect of ZnONPs on brain and spinal cord and postulated that they are the main affected nervous components in ZnONPs toxicity. So the present study aimed to investigate the possible effect of ZnONPs oral intake by two different doses on the histological structure of cerebellar cortex of adult male albino rats and to study the changes of calretinin proteins immunoexpression in cerebellar cortex layers.…”