Histopathology of charcoal rot disease (Macrophomina phaseolina) in resistant and susceptible cultivars of soybean

Hemmati, Parisa; Zafari, Doustmorad; Mahmoodi, Seyed Bagher; Hashemi, Majid; Gholamhoseini, Majid; Dolatabadian, Aria; Ataei, Reza

doi:10.1016/j.rhisph.2018.06.009

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The rhizosphere around the resistant variety had a reduced growth of M. phaseolina as compared to the susceptible variety (Chowdhury et al, 2014). Similarly, Hemmati et al (2018) reported the formation of adventitious roots around the crown of soybean and inability of the pathogen to complete its life cycle in resistant cultivars, while pre-penetration steps within the roots were not linked to resistance, as they did not observe differences in microsclerotia germination and hyphae development.…”

Section: Genetic Resistancementioning

confidence: 90%

Macrophomina phaseolina: General Characteristics of Pathogenicity and Methods of Control

et al. 2021

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Macrophomina phaseolina is a generalist soil-borne fungus present all over the world. It cause diseases such as stem and root rot, charcoal rot and seedling blight. Under high temperatures and low soil moisture, this fungus can cause substantial yield losses in crops such as soybean, sorghum and groundnut. The wide host range and high persistence of M. phaseolina in soil as microsclerotia make disease control challenging. Therefore, understanding the basis of the pathogenicity mechanisms as well as its interactions with host plants is crucial for controlling the pathogen. In this work, we aim to describe the general characteristics and pathogenicity mechanisms of M. phaseolina, as well as the hosts defense response. We also review the current methods and most promising forecoming ones to reach a responsible control of the pathogen, with minimal impacts to the environment and natural resources.

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Section: Genetic Resistancementioning

confidence: 90%

Macrophomina phaseolina: General Characteristics of Pathogenicity and Methods of Control

et al. 2021

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“…Similarly, distorted structures of vascular bundles, cortical and epidermal cells were observed under SEM in response to a fungal pathogen Ganoderma boninense attack (Alexander et al, 2017). Hemmati et al (2018) observed a high accumulation of M. phaseolina sclerotia in infected plant vascular bundles whereas, no or very less hyphal formation was found in resistant plant cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocontrol Aspergillus species together with plant biomass alter histochemical characteristics in diseased mungbean plants

Khan

Javaid

2022

Microscopy Res & Technique

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In the present study, two Aspergillus species as biocontrol agents together with Chenopodium quinoa dry biomass were used to investigate their effects on histochemical features of mungbean plant inoculated with M. phaseolina. In a pot experiment, Aspergillus flavipes and Aspergillus versicolor were added either alone or together with 1%, 2%, and 3% dry biomass of quinoa (DBQ) to the pot soil already inoculated with M. phaseolina. After 4 weeks of sowing, root and lower-stem sections of the mungbean plants were stained with ferric chloride, phloroglucinol-HCl and Lugol's iodine to detect the presence of polyphenols, lignin, and starch granules, respectively, and observed under light microscope. Stem and root sections were also observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) to reveal the effect of soil amendments on cell structures. The findings revealed that mungbean plant cross sections from all the treatments except positive control (only inoculated with M. phaseolina) showed very clear cell structures. In positive control, distorted, fragmented, and collapsed cell structures were observed. Moreover, M. phaseolina blocked vascular vessels in comparison to negative control where the cell structures were intact and normal in size. Plant sections from treatments with A. flavipes and A. versicolor alone or together with DBQ were without pathogen colonization, with normal cell structures and a high deposition of gel. The results suggested that the two Aspergillus spp. and C. quinoa induced defense responses in mungbean plants.

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“…As compared to the healthy tissues absence of amyloplasts in ray parenchyma cells, fungal structures, and the significant degradation of xylem fibers can be seen, as a protection mechanism of the plant production of gels could also be observed (Ortiz, Cruz, Melgarejo, Marquínez, & Hoyos‐Carvajal, 2014). Earlier, it was found that soybean plants susceptible to M. phaseolina exhibited a high accumulation of hyphae and sclerotia formation especially in vascular tissues whereas in resistant cultivars the hyphal development was limited to only few epidermal cells (Hemmati et al, 2018). Almeida et al (2015) reported that the formation of phenols, lignin, starch and gels in plant root and stem cells serve as physical and chemical barriers which constitute the activation of multiple defense mechanisms against M. phaseolina .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of necrotrophic fungus and PGPR on the comparative histochemistry of Vigna radiata by using multiple microscopic techniques

Javed

Javaid

Hanif

et al. 2021

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Rapid advances in the field of pathogen detection have opened new opportunities and better understanding for their management approaches. Aim of this study was to elucidate histopathological observations of different tissues affected by Macrophomina phaseolina and to observe the defense responses of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in mungbean plants. Sections of the stem and root were prepared and stained with ferric chloride, Lugol's iodine and Wiesner's reagent and were then observed under multiple microscopic techniques. Results revealed that both pathogen and PGPR produce responses on the plant that include colonization of xylem vessels by hyphae and sclerotia, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the cells, destruction of xylem fibers and amyloplasts in parenchymatous cells; and production of gels by the plant were observed. There was a significant increase in lignin and phenolic compounds deposition in stem and root sections of PGPR treated and non‐treated mungbean plants. Whereas the soil amended with PGPR showed very less to no starch production. Moreover, production of gels and gums were also observed in both stem and root sections. Compared to light microscopy, scanning electron microscope provided greater depth of focus and resolution of the pathogen attack on plant tissues, associated bacteria. As a whole, the data demonstrated that inoculation of PGPR can be an effective strategy to stimulate plant growth and they could significantly activate disease resistance against M. phaseolina.

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Histopathology of charcoal rot disease (Macrophomina phaseolina) in resistant and susceptible cultivars of soybean

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

Macrophomina phaseolina: General Characteristics of Pathogenicity and Methods of Control

Macrophomina phaseolina: General Characteristics of Pathogenicity and Methods of Control

Biocontrol Aspergillus species together with plant biomass alter histochemical characteristics in diseased mungbean plants

Effect of necrotrophic fungus and PGPR on the comparative histochemistry of Vigna radiata by using multiple microscopic techniques

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