Historic Indian Groups of the Choke Canyon Reservoir and Surrounding Area, Southern Texas

Campbell, T. N.; Campbell, T. J.

doi:10.21112/ita.1981.1.24

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Temporal variation is relatively less pronounced since seasonality in south Texas is limited compared to northern latitudes. Nevertheless, there is distinctive seasonal availability to some resources such as pecans and prickly pear tunas, which may have been sufficiently substantial resources to justify extensive seasonal movement as the ethnohistorical record suggests (Campbell 1983;Campbell and Campbell 1981).…”

Section: Resource Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include a "base-satellite" or savanna adaptation model by Hester (1976Hester ( , 1981, a model based on the utilization of both ephemeral and perennial water resources by Shafer and Baxter (1975), and a linear site model by Lynn et al (1977). In addition, Campbell and Campbell (1981) have provided archaeologists with an ethnohistorical model. Among the many considerations these models address are 1) a functional classification of sites and 2) site distribution in relation to the larger landscape.…”

Section: Settlement Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All were nomadic hunter/gatherers who moved around the landscape exploiting seasonal foods (Campbell and Campbell 1981), most likely within clearly defined territories. Griffen (1969:115) cites a number of early descriptions of highly mobile groups moving within clearly recognized and "marked" areas.…”

Section: Context -Physical and Cultural Settings 2-17 Ethnohistoricalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cuatro Vientos: A Reconsideration of Seven Prehistoric Sites in the Lower Rio Grande Plains of South Texas

Carpenter¹,

Chavez²,

Miller³

et al. 2010

ITA

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IntroductIonWith this report, Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) begins a reconsideration of approaches to the evaluation and treatment of those areas where surface lithic scatters are the main constituent of the archeological record. The reconsideration was inspired by the Cuatro Vientos project in Laredo, Webb County, Texas. The project and the ideas surrounding it developed slowly. The ideas continued to evolve through discussion between SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) and TxDOT as additional work on the project occurred. Because this project proceeded in an idiosyncratic fashion, some words of explanation might be helpful. The following discussion provides an account of how the project developed and where future work might be heading. PrevIous work at cuatro vIentosBlanton and Associates (Blanton) conducted the initial survey of the project's area of potential effects (Ringstaff et al. 2004). The survey identified 14 sites. The Blanton survey report showed the local archeological record to predominantly be a messy landscape of mixed assemblages. Within this landscape were some pockets with potentially-preserved, isolable components and features. The Blanton survey report thus recommended eight of the 14 sites for additional evaluation. TxDOT, in consultation with the Texas Historical Commission, accepted those recommendations.TxDOT then tasked SWCA with developing a scope for the fieldwork under one of TxDOT's general archeological services contracts. SWCA's approach concentrated on the identification of those select areas that had a high level of integrity, with horizontal and/or vertical separation of assemblages and components (Carpenter, Houk, and Miller 2005). This integrity-focused approach has been explicitly advocated by TxDOT in the past and continues to inform TxDOT's evaluations of the effects of its projects. IntegrIty and the evaluatIon oF south texas sItesThe integrity-focused approach can perhaps be refined, however. Two issues must be addressed. On the one hand, the archeological record of south Texas and its upland lithic scatters is not amenable to many interpretive strategies. The data from the uplands are typically of poor quality. In many places, the ground surface has remained stable or has eroded. Preservation of many types of material is poor. The same general areas have seen repeated occupation. This combination of factors has produced an archeological record that can be difficult to render meaningful. Many aspects of past human behavior and adaptations can not be inferred under these circumstances. On the other hand, the activities that occurred in these areas may have played a significant role in local adaptations. We should not be willing to treat such a large portion of the archeological record as a black box, where significant activities remain unidentified. To ignore the uplands makes an appreciation of the valley settings more difficult, since data would not be available from the upland areas for comparative analysis. Refining current approaches means splitting ...

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Section: Resource Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Settlement Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Context -Physical and Cultural Settings 2-17 Ethnohistoricalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cuatro Vientos: A Reconsideration of Seven Prehistoric Sites in the Lower Rio Grande Plains of South Texas

Carpenter¹,

Chavez²,

Miller³

et al. 2010

ITA

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show abstract

“…this period be more appropriately labeled as the "Protohistoric." A wealth of information is emerging on the lifeways of indigenous groups inhabiting and exploiting different portions of Texas during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries (Campbell andCampbell 1981, 1988;Foster 1995). Used with care (McGraw and Corbin 1999), these and other sources can provide excellent sources of analogies and models for prehistoric adaptations throughout Texas.…”

Section: The Toyah Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological Survey of the Crystal City Municipal Landfill Extension, Zavala County, Texas

Jones¹

2000

ITA

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“…Seasonal land-use patterns for the part of the South Texas Plains area that includes Lackland AFB comes primarily from ethnohistoric data found in the chronicles of Cabeza de Vaca and later Spanish travelers (e.g., Campbell 1975;Campbell and Campbell 1981;Weddle 1968). According to Cabeza de Vaca, during the several years he lived among the Native Americans in south Texas the fall and winter months were spent along the' rivers, where pecans and wild roots were harvested and 50 game was hunted.…”

Section: Research Issues Subsistence and Seasonality In Prehistoric Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological Survey of Lackland Air Force Base, Bexar County, Texas

Nickels¹,

Pease²,

Bousman³

1997

ITA

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Public ~port,"g b.urd~n. for this cotlection of information is estll'nated to average 1 ho.ur per. respc;m5~. including the time for reviewing instructjon5~ searching existing data sources, gather:mg an~ mamta!nlnQ th~ d.ata needed: and completi.ng an~ reviewing the col.lealon of informatIon. Send comments r~ardin9 this burden estimate or any other aspect of this coU~,?n of mfor,!,atlon. md~dJng 5uggt!Stlons for reduCIng thiS bur~en. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words). The Center for Archaeological Research of The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted a pedestrian cultural resources survey on 3,860 acres of land at Lackland Air Force Base and Medina Base Annex in Bexar County, Texas. Limited surveys and shovel testing began in the spring of 1994 in areas slated for development. These were followed by a 100-percent-pedestrian survey with limited shovel testing of the remaining undisturbed and undeveloped areas during the fall of 1994 and spring of 1995. Selective paleontological and geomorphological evaluations also were made .. The project recorded 71 archaeological sites. Sixty-four sites had only prehistoric components, four had both historic and prehistoric components, and three had only a historic component. Additionally, two previously recorded prehistoric sites were revisited. Prehistoric site types are open campsites and/or lithic quarries. Diagnostic projectile points and tools indicate this area was used from the Early Archaic through the Late Prehistoric periods. The historic sites were classified as farmsteads dating to the late-nineteenth and earlyto mid-twentieth centuries.Seventy-one of the 73 sites are deemed eligible for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. Creek, and the upper reaches of Long Hollow. Limited surveys and shovel testing began in the spring of 1994 in areas slated for development. These were followed by a 100-percent-pedestrian survey with limited shovel testing of the remaining undisturbed and undeveloped areas during the fall of 1994 and spring of 1995. Selective paleontological and geomorphological evaluations also were made.The project recorded 71 archaeological sites. Sixty-four sites had only prehistoric components, four had both historic and prehistoric components, and three had only a historic component. Additionally, three previously recorded prehistoric sites were revisited. Prehistoric site types are open campsites and/or lithic quarries. Fortunately, some of the prehistoric sites yielded diagnostic projectile points and tools. These indicate human presence in the survey area from the Early Archaic through the Late Prehistoric periods. The historic sites were classified as farmsteads dating to the late-nineteenth and early to mid-twentieth centuries.Seventy-one of the 74 sites are deemed eligible for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places.

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Historic Indian Groups of the Choke Canyon Reservoir and Surrounding Area, Southern Texas

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

Cuatro Vientos: A Reconsideration of Seven Prehistoric Sites in the Lower Rio Grande Plains of South Texas

Cuatro Vientos: A Reconsideration of Seven Prehistoric Sites in the Lower Rio Grande Plains of South Texas

Archaeological Survey of the Crystal City Municipal Landfill Extension, Zavala County, Texas

Archaeological Survey of Lackland Air Force Base, Bexar County, Texas

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