2013
DOI: 10.4319/lo.2013.58.4.1286
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Historical changes in nutrient inputs from humans and anadromous fishes in New England's coastal watersheds

Abstract: Prior to Euro-American contact, anadromous alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) were abundant throughout eastern North America. In the 400 yr since Euro-American settlement began in the region, anadromous alewife populations have declined by an order of magnitude or more while human land use has simultaneously intensified. Here we asked how lake nutrient inputs in the southern New England region have changed over the past 400 yr by examining nutrient inputs to four lakes in coastal Connecticut that differ in their … Show more

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Cited by 24 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…The widespread loss of mass drownings may have fundamentally altered river ecosystem structure and function in ways hitherto unrecognized. For example, decreasing P loading through bone deposits may contribute to P limitation in many freshwater ecosystems (42), although this effect may be offset in some ecosystems by anthropogenic nutrient inputs (43). This study provides an examination of the potential importance that large migrations may have had on rivers throughout much of the world.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The widespread loss of mass drownings may have fundamentally altered river ecosystem structure and function in ways hitherto unrecognized. For example, decreasing P loading through bone deposits may contribute to P limitation in many freshwater ecosystems (42), although this effect may be offset in some ecosystems by anthropogenic nutrient inputs (43). This study provides an examination of the potential importance that large migrations may have had on rivers throughout much of the world.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While the population in the Mara has increased, hippopotamus populations are declining or disappearing in many other aquatic systems in sub-Saharan Africa (Lewison & Oliver, 2008;Kanga et al, 2011). Population declines or extirpations of hippopotami, as well as other mobile consumers, can significantly decrease nutrient transport across ecosystems and impact ecosystem function (Capps et al, 2012;Twining et al, 2013).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the Mara basin, these processes probably serve to amplify the effects of hippopotamus loading and may ultimately have undesirable ecosystem effects. In many other systems, in which hippopotami have declined or disappeared, the loss of hippopotamus loading could have negative impacts on secondary production or could be being replaced by anthropogenic inputs (Twining et al, 2013). The Mara River may be an end-member in our current understanding of the ways in which megafauna can impact aquatic ecosystem function and may improve our ability to understand some of the ecological implications of historical megafaunal extinctions (Lyons, Smith & Brown, 2004).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As many animal subsidies have decreased, anthropogenic resource subsidies have increased and may have essentially replaced those lost by animal movements in some ecosystems (Twining, West & Post, ). Common forms of anthropogenic inputs include sewage waste from humans and livestock and fertilizer run‐off from agricultural fields.…”
Section: Implications For Altered Ecosystemsmentioning
confidence: 99%