Historical review on research of kinetics in thermal analysis and thermal endurance of electrical insulating materials

Abstract

Thermal analysis techniques, such as thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and evolved gas analysis, have been applied to thermal endurance evaluation of electrical insulating materials of high polymers, which are used for a long time at a relatively high operating temperature. Various attempts have been made to estimate the life time of the materials at the operating temperature by thermal analysis and a calorimetric method. These are critically described in this review paper.

Thermal behavior and pyrolytic degradation kinetics of polymeric mixtures from waste packaging plastics

“…This issue is discussed through the kinetics analysis, which allows determining the reaction time of degradation needed in turn to evaluate the reactor geometry. In this study pyrolysis was studied from a kinetic point of view by processing non-isothermal TG data by applying two model-free isoconversional multiple-heating rate methods for the calculation of E a : Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) [35] and the modified Vyazovkin methods [36][37][38]. All isoconversional methods are based on the principle that the reaction rate at constant extent of conversion is only a function of temperature and that the thermal degradation occurs by a single step mechanism.…”

“…In particular, the KAS method adopted [35] the Doyle's approximation [40] with B = 2 and C = 1. From Equation (5), by plotting ln (β i /T α,i…”

Temperature control modes in thermal analysis

“…Furthermore, if the change in reacting species is negligible, it can also be applied to measurement of temperature dependence of reaction rate and hence the activation energy. This is used practically for thermal endurance evaluation of polymeric insulating materials [20].…”

“…Because the temperature changes smoothly and does not change discontinuously to keep a constant mass loss rate, we can conclude that the decomposition proceeds by a single-step process. [20]. The symbol i is the ion current.…”

Thermal degradation of chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber and ethylene propylene diene terpolymer

“…CSM can be replaced with EPDM in some applications, because EPDM is a non-halogen rubber which makes it a more environmentally friendly material. Thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) of CSM and EPDM was carried out to predict the chemical reaction rate [18][19][20]. In addition, Arrhenius equation was used to analyze the activation energy from the TGA.…”