“…Although we may read about particular actionresearch or classroom projects in various Canadian settings (Cardin, Éthier, & Meunier, 2010;Lévesque, 2003Lévesque, , 2009Peck & Seixas 2008;Seixas, 1993a), we lack a more global perspective on teachers' historical consciousness as evidenced by their background knowledge, their perceptions of the trustworthiness of sources, their experiences in the history classroom, and their vision of school history. 1 Indeed, growing research has suggested that knowing history is more complex than mastering vast historical facts, as is bridging the gap between novice and expert harder than overcoming the disparity between disciplinary knowledge and pedagogy among future teachers (Fallace 2007(Fallace , 2009Fallace & Neem, 2005). As Barton and Levstik (2003) suggested, exemplary history teachers possess and deploy strategic forms of knowledge, which implies "doing history"; engaging learners in historical activities and inquiries, sourcing historical information, assessing the value of sources, and considering various perspectives.…”