History and culture of the early Türkic period: A review of archaeological monuments in the Russian Altai from the 4th–6th century AD

Abstract

The paper deals with the issue of archaeological evidence for relocation of '500 Ashina families' to Altai in AD 460. After moving to Altai, the Ashina group teamed up with the local population and took the name 'Türk'. Here, they engaged in iron production and achieved significant economic and military power. Archaeological sites show that the burial practices of the pre-Türkic and early Türkic time continued the earlier traditionstogether with the deceased person, their horse was laid into the grave. However, in the 5th century, new forms of ritual structures-square stone enclosures-came to the Altai. The immigrants brought the tradition of memorial square structures, and, in turn, took the ancient tradition of Altai human burial with a horse. Additional Information: Question Response Author Comments: Dear editor, perchaps would be good to choose dr. Jean Bourgeois from Ghent University (Belgium) as one of the referees. He worked on Altai and well knows archaeology of the regions. His e-mail is

Cultural and demic co-diffusion of Tubo Empire on Tibetan Plateau

“…A single brick chamber tomb mirrors the influence of a Han culture originating in the Central Plains region. 46 Dulan also contains two earthen pit tombs with a sacrificial horse in the same burial—a burial type found mainly in Turk-related groups across the Altai and Central Asia region, such as early Turk 47 and here turning up unexpectedly in the Ganqing region. Burial M20 consists of a circular stone mound and an earthen burial chamber in this western tradition.…”

The polymorphism and tradition of funerary practices of medieval Turks in light of new findings from Tuva Republic

“…First, a change in burial custom early in the 7th century CE, as described by a passage in The New Book of Tang ( Xin Tangshu 新唐書) recorded in 628 CE describing the Turks opting to inhume the dead in grave mounds in defiance of their cremation tradition [ 19 , 71 ] would explain the absence of cremation among Turkic burials, the majority of which are dated to the Second empire. Second, the ashes were absent or difficult to trace because they might not have been scattered inside the ogradka or there is a half year gap between cremation and interment, as the chronicles recount [ 18 , 71 ].…”

“…The Russian Altai is where field research of Turkic archaeological remains has been most prolific. The region is understandably the geographical focal point of interest as it not only has the highest concentration of archetypal Turkic burials, it is also where purportedly incipient Turkic structures dated to before the First Turk empire were discovered [ 18 ]. That the Altai might also have been the ancestral homeland of the Turks—specifically, “the political conglomerate of the Kok Turks” designated Tujue in Chinese sources that possessed “general cultural-ethnic uniformity” [19:264]—is also a popular theory deduced from Chinese biographical texts that chronicle geopolitical changes in Inner Asia since the disintegration of the Xiongnu.…”

Kolıvano-Voskresensk (Altay) Maden Bölgesi nin Yerel Yönetimi (1760 – 1864)

“…yüzyıla kadar indirmektedir. Detaylı bilgi için bakınız: (Konstantinov, Soenov, Trifanova, Svyatko, 2018;Soyonov, 2002, s. 133). 3 Yermak Timofeviç ile ilgili letopislerde yer alan bilgiler çok detaylı olmamakla birlikte kısadır.…”