History and Development of Epoxy Resins

Gannon, J. A.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-7073-4_29

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Epoxy resins are used in a wide range of applications, such as composite structures, flooring, electrical insulation, adhesives, coatings, and sealants. − This widespread use is due to the excellent chemical versatility of epoxy-based systems, which enables their use under diverse curing conditions as well as a broad range of properties in the final materials . Recently, an increasing number of new bio-based epoxy curing systems have also been presented. − Both the mechanical properties of the cured materials and the curing kinetics can be tuned by careful choice of epoxide and curing agent (typically anhydrides and amines) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy-Rich Systems with Preference for Etherification over Amine-Epoxy Reactions for Tertiary Amine Accelerators

2021

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Epoxies are often cured using primary and secondary amines in an efficient reaction catalyzed by tertiary amines. Through coordination effects, tertiary amines lower the transition state energy enough to allow the reaction to take place under ambient conditions. In this paper, we demonstrate how, under ambient conditions, tertiary amines bound in close intramolecular proximity to a primary amine are able to catalyze amine epoxy reactions as well as promote etherifications in epoxy rich systems. 13 C-NMR was used to identify the sequence of curing reactions in a model reaction of benzyl glycidylether (BGE) with the amines 3-diethylaminopropylamine (DEAPA), 3-dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA), and hexylamine, respectively. The results clearly show that DMAPA favors etherification over amine epoxy reactions, while DEAPA displays the expected trend towards amine epoxy reactions. This experiment was repeated for a curing epoxy system based on bisphenol A diglycidylether (BADGE) with the same three amines, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed this preference of reactions via quantification of the curing exotherms. Finally, a novel DMA setup corroborated the observed rate of reaction for each catalyst by measuring gelation time and vitrification during isothermal curing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy-Rich Systems with Preference for Etherification over Amine-Epoxy Reactions for Tertiary Amine Accelerators

2021

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“…Phenolic epoxies, such as bisphenol A epoxy, have been used commercially as protective coatings since 1947 [26,27], and novolac epoxies are known as the resin within this category with the highest chemical resistance. Experience with use of epoxies in acidic environments is greater than for polyurethanes and it is more widely recommended for power plants and pulp and paper production [25].…”

Section: Nonementioning

confidence: 99%

Acid-resistant organic coatings for the chemical industry: a review

Møller

Dam‐Johansen

Frankær³

et al. 2017

J Coat Technol Res

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“…[1]. This wide range of applications of ERs is mainly due to their good adhesion to various materials, but also due to their superior mechanical, chemical and electrical properties [2]. However, their application, especially in exteriors, may be limited due to lower UV stability [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%