History and Future of Starch

Schwartz, Deborah A.; Whistler, Roy L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-746275-2.00001-x

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…The use of biodegradable starch films has been proposed for food protection to increase the shelf‐life of foodstuffs; however, the applications of native (unmodified) starches are limited due to their hydrophilicity and poor mechanical properties compared with those of synthetic polymers. Native starches have been modified by physical, chemical or enzymatic methods to improve their properties and, consequently, broaden their applicability …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Native starches have been modified by physical, chemical or enzymatic methods to improve their properties and, consequently, broaden their applicability. 2 Acetylation and crosslinking are two of the most common methods for producing modified starches due to their use in commercial products. In acetylation, the three free hydroxyl groups on starch at C2, C3 and C6 can be substituted for acetyl groups; the theoretical maximum degree of substitution (DS) is therefore 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and partial characterization of films made with dual‐modified (acetylation and crosslinking) potato starch

2019

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Background Starch is an alternative material for the production of biodegradable plastics; however, native starches have drawbacks due to their hydrophilic nature. Chemical modifications such as acetylation and crosslinking are used to broaden the potential end‐uses of starch. Dual modification of starches increases their functionality compared to that of starches with similar single modifications. In this study, a dual‐modified potato starch (acetylated and crosslinked) was used to produce films by casting. Results Changes in the arrangement of the amylopectin double helices of dual‐modified starch were evident from X‐ray diffraction patterns, pasting profiles and thermal properties. The degree of substitution for acetyl groups was low (0.058 ± 0.006) because crosslinking dominated acetylation. Modified starch film had higher elongation percentage (82.81%) than its native counterpart (57.4%), but lower tensile strength (3.51 MPa for native and 2.17 MPa for dual‐modified) and lower crystallinity in fresh and stored films. The sorption isotherms indicated that the dual modification decreased the number of reactive sites for binding water, resulting in a reduction in the monolayer value and a decrease in the solubility and water vapor permeability. Conclusions Dual modification of starch may be a feasible option for improving the properties of biodegradable starch films. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and partial characterization of films made with dual‐modified (acetylation and crosslinking) potato starch

2019

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“…Starch can be easily extracted from a variety of starch-rich crops and dried to form a white powder. Its commercial production dates back to the middle ages and has advanced to become the efficient global industry it is today (Schwartz & Whistler, 2009).…”

Section: Starch Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A considerable volume of literature has been published on the properties and chemistry of starches from various sources (Schwartz & Whistler, 2009;Whistler, Bemiller, & Paschall, 1984). Starch is the principal carbohydrate for energy storage in plants and one of the most abundant plant polymers (Whistler, 1984).…”

Section: Starch Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Industrial products in the United States that utilize starch have grown from 13 million metric tons (MMT) in 1975 to over 160 MMT today (USDA, 2010). Starch is inexpensive, widely available, and one of the most abundant biomass products in nature (Schwartz & Whistler, 2009;Whistler, 1984). It is produced in many different plant organs including roots, leaves, seeds, and stems.…”

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