History and industrial application of carotenoids and vitamin A

Isler, O.

doi:10.1351/pac197951030447

Cited by 59 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Their differences lie in methodology to this key intermediate as well as in the methodology to elaborate the side chain. Reviews of the early work are available (7,10). Currently, two processes dominate the industrial production of vitamin A acetate, which were originally introduced by BASF and Hoffmann-La Roche.…”

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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VitaminA

Bonrath¹,

Bruins

Mair³

et al. 2015

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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An overview of vitamin A from its use in ancient times to structural elucidation in the 1930s and commercially important retinoids and carotenoids is presented and their physical and chemical properties are discussed. The current industrial syntheses of vitamin A as well as the syntheses of β‐carotene are compared and contrasted. Biological aspects of vitamin A and β‐carotene in animal and plant systems are reviewed as well as important dietary sources of these substances.

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Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main method of production of vitamin A in the 1930s and 1940s was the extraction from several different marine species (7). However, the vitamin A content varied between species and supplies were limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

VitaminA

Bonrath¹,

Bruins

Mair³

et al. 2015

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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“…Es ist ein Mitglied der Familie der Retinoide, denen ähnliche biologische Aktivität gemeinsam ist. [159] Da Vitamin A selbst recht instabil ist, gelangen in der Regel Esterderivate in den Handel. Vitamin A spielt eine entscheidende Rolle beim Sehprozess.…”

Section: Geschichte Und Physiologische Funktionenunclassified

“…Allerdings variiert die Menge an Vitamin A von Tier zu Tier, [159] und die Herkunft des Materials aus natürlichen Quellen führte zu Beschaffungsproblemen. Dies war die bevorzugte Produktionsmethode in den 1930er-und 1940er Jahren.…”

Section: Erste Synthese Von Vitamin Aunclassified

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Einhundert Jahre Vitamine – eine naturwissenschaftliche Erfolgsgeschichte

et al. 2012

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Die Entdeckung der Vitamine als lebenswichtige Verbindungen in der Nahrung vor 100 Jahren stellte einen wissenschaftlichen Durchbruch dar, der die Welt veränderte. Die Erkenntnis, dass sich früher weit verbreitete Krankheiten wie Skorbut, Pellagra, Rachitis und Beriberi durch eine ausgewogene Ernährung vermeiden oder heilen lassen, hatte einschneidende Auswirkungen auf Gesellschaft und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung. Dieser Aufsatz fasst Schlüsselerfolge in Entwicklung und industrieller Herstellung von acht der insgesamt dreizehn Vitamine zusammen.

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Terpenoids

Bledsoe¹

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Terpenes are found in essential oils and oleoresins of plants. Terpenes found in turpentine are used as raw materials for the commercial synthesis of a wide range of aroma chemicals. Uses for the monoterpenes are covered in more depth than the higher terpenes mainly because of the large fragrance industry that developed from the availability of sulfate turpentine from the paper industry. α‐ and β‐Pinene, the predominant terpenes found in turpentine, are used to manufacture other hydrocarbons such as myrcene, dihydromyrcene, alloocimene, camphene, p ‐menthadienes, and p ‐cymene. These hydrocarbons are used in turn as raw materials for producing products such as pine oil, nerol and geraniol, citronellol, linalool, menthol, campholenic aldehyde, citral, ionones and methyl ionones, camphor, citronellal, and hydroxycitronellal. Methods employing petrochemical‐based raw materials such as acetone, acetylene, isobutylene, and isoprene have become very important commercial processes. Intermediates such as linalool, geranyl acetone, and citral for synthesis of Vitamins A and E are produced in large scale. The processes also yield linalool, citronellol, citronellal, and citral for fragrance uses as well as for intermediates for synthesis of many other aroma products. Sesquiterpenes derived from natural sources are used as such for fragrance materials and for synthesis of other products. Sesquiterpenes covered include caryophyllene, longifolene, cedrene and cedrol, nerolidol and farnesol, α‐bisabolol, α‐santalol, valencene, nootkatene and nootkatone, patchouli alcohol, and guaiol and bulnesol. Diterpenes such as gibberellic acid, phytol and isophytol, and taxol are discussed as are the triterpenes, lanosterol and squalene. The commercial aspects of the important group of tetraterpenes, the carotenoids, are also covered.

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History and industrial application of carotenoids and vitamin A

Abstract: A review is given of the development of the industrial manufacture of carotenoids and vitamin A by isolation and by synthesis. Special emphasis is placed on the use of carotenoids as a preferred class of colouring matters for food and feed •

Cited by 59 publications

References 57 publications

VitaminA

VitaminA

Einhundert Jahre Vitamine – eine naturwissenschaftliche Erfolgsgeschichte

Terpenoids

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