History of cannabis use is associated with altered gait

Pearson-Dennett, Verity; Todd, Gabrielle; Wilcox, R. A.; Vogel, Adam P.; White, Jason M.; Thewlis, Dominic

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.017

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…[39][40][41] The acute effect of cannabis use has been seen before clearly, 42 but another result has shown that impaired balance may not be long-lasting. 43 The present study revealed that patients with substance use disorders showed more impairment than patients in the control group regarding physical performance in accordance with TUG test results (P , .05). The TUG test is a well-known and validated physical performance test that shows the functional level of the individual.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Evaluation of Plantar Foot Sensation, Balance, Physical Performance, and Fear of Movement in Substance Use Disorders

Erdoğanoğlu¹,

Sayaca²,

Çalık³

et al. 2020

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…A history of cannabis use is related to long-term changes in the open-kinetic-chain elements of gait, but the magnitude of change is not clinically detectable. 6 Furthermore, cannabis poisoning can cause acute motor impairments, including changes in balance. 7 Plantar foot sensation is significant for posture and gait control.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Plantar Foot Sensation, Balance, Physical Performance, and Fear of Movement in Substance Use Disorders

Erdoğanoğlu¹,

Sayaca²,

Çalık³

et al. 2020

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association

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“…Prior research (Bolbecker et al, 2018) found that chronic cannabis use in HIV− individuals was associated with increased postural sway in individuals who were not acutely intoxicated. Our results are similar to those of Bidwell et al (2020) who found that balance function was impaired after immediate cannabis use and different from those of Pearson-Dennett et al (2017) who found that the effect of long-term cannabis use was associated with long-lasting changes in open-chain elements of walking gait, but the magnitude of change was not clinically detectable.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Cannabis use is not associated with increased balance disturbances in HIV-infected individuals

et al. 2021

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Background The association between long-term cannabis use and balance disturbances has not been investigated in people living with HIV (PWH). We hypothesized that long-term cannabis use in PWH might be associated with more deleterious effects on balance than in HIV seronegative individuals due to potential neurotoxic interactions between HIV and cannabis. Methods Three thousand six-hundred and forty-eight participants with and without HIV completed an interviewer-administered timeline follow-back assessment to assess lifetime days and quantity of cannabis use and other cannabis use characteristics. A structured clinical interview was used to collect any history of balance disturbance. Comparisons between HIV+ vs the HIV− groups and moderate-severe vs. no or minimal imbalance in participant characteristics (demographics, cannabis use, medication currently used, and neurological disease) were performed using Student t tests for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test for binary and categorical variables. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to determine the interaction effect of total quantity of cannabis use with HIV status on balance disturbance. Age, gender, cDSPN symptoms, gait ataxia, opioid medications, and sedatives were included as covariates in the adjusted model after variable selection. The effect sizes are presented as Cohen’s d or odds ratios. Results On average, participants were 45.4 years old (SD = 11 years), primarily male (77.7%), and non-Hispanic white (48.1%). A majority of participants were HIV+ (79.1%). Four hundred thirty (11.9%) of the participants reported balance disturbances within the past 10 years. PWH were more likely to have balance disturbances than demographically matched HIV-uninfected participants (odds ratio [OR] 2.66, 95% CI 1.91–3.7). Participants with moderate-severe balance disturbances did not differ from those with no or minimal imbalance in the proportion who had ever used cannabis (73.8% vs. 74.4%; p = 0.8) (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.80–1.32) neither did they have a higher total amount of cannabis use (4871 vs. 4648; p = 0.3) (Cohen’s d 0.11, 95% CI 0.01–0.14). In the HIV− population, those with balance disturbances reported more total amount of cannabis use as compared to those with normal balance (11316 vs 4154; p = 0.007). In the HIV+ population on the other hand, there was no significant association (4379 vs 4773; p = 0.6). Conclusions We found unexpectedly that while long-term cannabis use in HIV− individuals was associated with more severe balance disturbances, there were no associations in HIV+ individuals. This suggests that cannabis use in HIV is safe with respect to balance disturbances. Given that HIV is related to persistent inflammation despite virologic suppression on antiretroviral therapy, future mechanistic studies are needed to determine whether HIV-associated inflammation contributes to the higher prevalence of balance disturbance in HIV+ individuals and whether cannabinoids have anti-inflammatory effects that mitigate HIV-associated balance disturbance.

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“…In chronic users of cannabis, the cerebellum presents neuroanatomical alterations that impair its ability to execute postural adjustments, resulting in trembling . Results from a study published in 2017 suggest that cannabis users show subtle changes in gait, primarily in open‐chain components of walking gait, but not in balance …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse events following cannabis for medical use in Tuscany: An analysis of the Italian Phytovigilance database

Crescioli

Lombardi

Bettiol

et al. 2020

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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Aims: Despite a significant increase in using cannabis for medical purposes, current evidence on its safety in real-world clinical practice is still poorly characterised. By a case-by-case analysis of spontaneous reports of suspected adverse events (AEs) collected in Tuscany within the Italian Phytovigilance database, the aim of the present study was to describe AEs occurred in patients exposed to medical cannabis. Methods: We evaluated all reports of cannabis-related suspected AEs collected within the Phytovigilance database up to December 2018. Information regarding cannabis therapy, patient's demographic and clinical characteristics, concomitant medications, AE description according to the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) classification, AE seriousness and AE outcome, were collected. The causality assessment was performed following World Health Organisation-Uppsala Monitoring Centre criteria.Results: Fifty-three cannabis-related AE reports were analysed. The majority of patients were females (77.3%), with a mean age of 61.9 years. Thirty-nine (73.6%) cases were defined as nonserious and the majority of them (86.9%) showed a complete resolution or improvement. Forty-six (86.8%) cases were judged as probably related to cannabis consumption. The most frequently reported system organ class was psychiatric and nervous system disorders, and a potential drug-drug interaction was present in 16 cases. Conclusion:Cannabis was generally well tolerated and the majority of AEs were mild and transient. Our analysis highlighted important safety issues for clinical practice, in particular the need for an accurate prescription monitoring during the titration phase, particularly in the presence of concomitant medications. K E Y W O R D Sadverse drug reactions, clinical pharmacology, drug safety, general practice, medical cannabis Giada Crescioli and Niccolò Lombardi are co-first authors.

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History of cannabis use is associated with altered gait

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of Plantar Foot Sensation, Balance, Physical Performance, and Fear of Movement in Substance Use Disorders

Evaluation of Plantar Foot Sensation, Balance, Physical Performance, and Fear of Movement in Substance Use Disorders

Cannabis use is not associated with increased balance disturbances in HIV-infected individuals

Adverse events following cannabis for medical use in Tuscany: An analysis of the Italian Phytovigilance database

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