History of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in ancient China: a narrative review

Abstract

Modern cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) comprises an open airway, artificial ventilation, chest compressions and, if necessary, defibrillation. CPR has been intensively studied and tested to perfect an integrated and effective resuscitation system in the West. However, CPR efforts in China has been understudied and underreported. CPR has been performed for more than 2000 years in China. As early as the third century BC, a Chinese doctor named Zhongjing Zhang presented a detailed program to save patients from suicide by hanging in the book entitled "Synopsis of the Golden Chamber". Dr. Zhang proposed "not only to save the body, but also to save the spirit", which remains a guiding principle in modern resuscitation: to not only ensure cardiopulmonary recovery but also preserve the brain function. We aim to review and summarize efforts of CPR in China from a historic point of view.

Association of Training in Basic Life Support with the Evolution of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Performed by Firefighters

“…Basic Life Support (BLS) training is critical for providing care to patients in CRA in out-of-hospital environments [1], but even with training, people still sometimes fail to perform chest compressions during [10]. Hence, the ongoing training of rescuers is crucial for providing life support in cardiovascular emergencies [11][12][13]. Te monitoring of ETCs during training and further scientifc research into the effectiveness of these procedures is a critical need in the feld of CPR [14].…”

Análise da efetividade das compressões torácicas externas realizadas por bombeiros durante treinamento na pandemia Covid-19

“…A PCR, definida pela falta de atividade mecânica do coração, confirmada por ausência de pulso, irresponsividade e apneia ou respiração agônica, é considerada um problema de saúde pública e uma condição prioritária de atendimento, que requer agilidade e eficácia nas intervenções adotadas, critérios fundamentais para garantir o melhor desfecho do paciente (AHA, 2020, Guskuma et al, 2019, Yang et al, 2020.…”

“…O treinamento em Suporte Básico de Vida (SBV) é essencial para a abordagem aos pacientes em PCR no ambiente extra-hospitalar (AHA, 2020). Sendo assim, fazem-se necessárias muita habilidade e organização em tempo integral para sempre estar treinando os socorristas em RCP (Yang et al, 2020).…”