History of ocular straylight measurement: A review

Berg, Thomas; Franssen, Luuk; Kruijt, Bastiaan; Coppens, Joris E.

doi:10.1016/j.zemedi.2012.10.009

Cited by 122 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…This involves finding out what (equivalent) background luminance is required for a test object to reach the same threshold value as it does in the presence of the glare source. Although this involves rather elaborate testing, many studies, including a few relatively large population studies, used it up until the 1984 review by Vos, 1984. In later years, the groups of Sjöstrand and Elliott, among others, have continued this line with a simplified approach (Abrahamsson & Sjöstrand, 1986;Elliott, Gilchrist, & Whitaker, 1989;Paulsson & Sjöstrand, 1980;van den Berg et al, 2013 The CC method makes use of other psychophysical paradigms, which make the measurement more effective and precise. First, the 2-alternative forced choice (2AFC) technique was used with a bi-partite field (Figure 3), to compare the intensity of straylight to that of a comparison light.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of straylight for glare assessment and driving.

Berg

2017

Scand J Optom Vis Sci

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This review presents an overview of straylight as a quantification for glare sensitivity, to be used as a criterion for driver licensing. Glare disturbance is an important safety issue while driving. It is a known fact that glare issues in the early stages of cataract development are one reason why people give up driving at night. Glare is caused by the physical process of light scattering in the eye, causing a veil of straylight seen over the road. This veil lessens visibility, potentially to the point of complete blindness. By international agreement, glare must be quantified by measuring straylight, based on the "equivalent luminance" concept. Normal standards have been defined, including the dependence of straylight on age and cataract. Straylight can be measured accurately with the psychophysical 2AFC "compensation comparison" method, including a reliability check. An instrument for straylight measurement, the C-Quant is now commercially available. Straylight is a basic aspect of the eye, on which also other aspects of quality of vision, such as face recognition, contrast sensitivity, etc. depend. Straylight presence is used in ophthalmology as an early indication for cataract surgery. It is to a large degree independent of acuity. This review discusses the practical aspects of straylight measurement and limit values for occupational testing. Normal values for young subjects are around log(s) = 0.9. For demanding professions, a limit elevation of 2× (0.3 log, corresponding to 3 standard deviations) is proposed. For normal driving a limit elevation of 4× is proposed, corresponding to log(s) = 1.5. Cataract surgery is indicated at log(s) = 1.4. SammendragDenna artikel ger en översikt av bländning och kvantifiering av bländningkänslighet, som kan användas som kriterium för körkortstillstånd. Bländning är en viktig säkerhetsfråga vid bilkörning. Det är ett känt faktum att bländningsproblem i de tidiga stadierna av kataraktutveckling är en orsak till att män-niskor ger upp körning på natten. Bländning orsakas av den fysiska processen ljusspridning i ögat, vilket ger en slöja som ses över vägen. Enligt internationell överenskommelse måste bländning kvantifieras genom mätning av ljusspridningen, baserat på begreppet "ekvivalent luminans". Normala normer har definierats, inklusive beroende av straylight på ålder och katarakt. Ljusspridning kan mätas exakt med den psykofysiska 2AFC "kompensationsjämförelse metod", inklusive en pålitlighetskontroll. Ett instrument för ljusspridningsmätning är C-Quant, finns nu kommersiellt tillgängligt. Ljusspridning är ett grundläggande begrepp, där också andra aspekter av synkvalitet, såsom ansiktsigenkänning, kontrastkänslighet etc. ingår. Ljusspridning används i oftalmologi som en tidig indikation för kataraktoperation. Det är i stor utsträckning oberoende av visus. Denna översyn diskuterar de praktiska aspekterna för mätning ljuspridning och gränsvärden. Normala unga värden är runt log(s) = 0,9. För krävande yrken föreslås ett gränsvärde på 2× (0, 3 log, motsvarande 3 st...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Around 1990, the "direct compensation" method was designed (van den Berg, Franssen, Kruijt, & Coppens, 2013) and accepted as the gold standard (Elliott & Bullimore, 1993;Elliott et al, 1990). Most of the present review is based on the further development of the "compensation comparison" (CC) method (van den Berg et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of straylight for glare assessment and driving.

Berg

2017

Scand J Optom Vis Sci

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“…A clinical test that could accurately predict the effects of glare and light-scattering sources on driving performance should be a valuable diagnostic tool for evaluating new medical products that physically produces the light scatter or affects how one realizes the intraocular light scatter. Several disability glare tests have been developed for clinical use (24)(25) .…”

Section: Disability Glarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, refractive and cataract surgeries aim higher quality standards for their results. (24) . The patient is presented with two alternative forced choices and asked to choose between the stronger of two flickers presented in controlled background lights.…”

Section: Final Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of vision in refractive and cataract surgery, indirect measurers: review article

Parede

Torricelli

Mukai

et al. 2013

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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Visual acuity is the measurement of an individual's ability to recognize details of an object in a space. Visual function measurements in clinical ophthalmology are limited by factors such as maximum contrast and so it might not adequately reflect the real vision conditions at that moment as well as the subjective aspects of the world perception by the patient. The objective of a successful vision-restoring surgery lies not only in gaining visual acuity lines, but also in vision quality. Therefore, refractive and cataract surgeries have the responsibility of achieving quality results. It is difficult to define quality of vision by a single parameter, and the main functional-vision tests are: contrast sensitivity, disability glare, intraocular stray light and aberrometry. In the current review the different components of the visual function are explained and the several available methods to assess the vision quality are described.

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“…The citation counts are different, as the Scopus database contains more journals than Web of Science, and therefore the position numbers are slightly variant. There are three references [6][7][8] in the table about topics not related to ionizing radiation, illustrating the successful effort of the editors to publish in all areas of Medical Physics.…”

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confidence: 99%