History of the radiological health program of the Pan American Health Organization

Hanson, Gerald P.; Borrás, Cari; Jiménez, Pablo

doi:10.1590/s1020-49892006000800005

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…For cancer control, the current focus is on implementing three global initiatives in the region to: 1) eliminate cervical cancer; 2) improve survival for childhood cancer; and 3) control breast cancer. PAHO initiated its work on cancer with the emergence in the 1970s of cancer societies and leagues that focused on strengthening radiotherapy services ( 41 ). The perspective has since shifted to primary and secondary prevention, particularly for infection-related cancers such as cervical cancer (through human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines and cervical cancer screening) and liver cancer (through hepatitis B vaccines), and lung cancer through reducing tobacco use.…”

Section: Paho’s Comprehensive Approach To Ncd Prevention and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncommunicable diseases in the Americas: a review of the Pan American Health Organization’s 25-year program of work

Luciani

Nederveen

Martínez

et al. 2023

Revista Panamericana De Salud Pública

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This article describes progress in tackling noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the Americas since the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) started its NCD program 25 years ago. Changes in the epidemiology of NCDs, NCD policies, health service capacity, and surveillance are discussed. PAHO’s NCD program is guided by regional plans of action on specific NCDs and risk factors, as well as a comprehensive NCD plan. Its work involves implementing evidence-based World Health Organization technical packages on NCDs and their risk factors with the aim of achieving the Sustainable Development Goal target of a one third reduction in premature mortality caused by NCDs by 2030. Important advances have been made in the past 25 years in implementation of: policies on NCD risk factors; interventions to improve NCD diagnosis and treatment; and NCD surveillance. Premature mortality from NCDs decreased by 1.7% a year between 2000 and 2011 and 0.77% a year between 2011 and 2019. However, policies on risk factor prevention and health promotion need to be strengthened to ensure more countries are on track to achieving the NCD-related health goals of the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Actions are recommended for governments to raise the priority of NCDs by: making NCDs a core pillar of primary care services, using revenues from health taxes to invest more in NCD prevention and control; and implementing policies, laws, and regulations to reduce the demand for and availability of tobacco, alcohol, and ultra-processed food products.

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Section: Paho’s Comprehensive Approach To Ncd Prevention and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncommunicable diseases in the Americas: a review of the Pan American Health Organization’s 25-year program of work

Luciani

Nederveen

Martínez

et al. 2023

Revista Panamericana De Salud Pública

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“…The aim was to have an easy to operate and maintain x-ray system. In 1993, the design was slightly modified and the name was changed to World Health Imaging System -Radiography (WHIS-RAD) [3]. Figure 6 shows design diagrams of the BRS and WHIS-RAD systems and an example of a patient set-up.…”

Section: X-ray Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Everything medical physicists always wanted to know about appropriate technology but were afraid to ask

Borrás¹

2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The concept of appropriate technology in the health field is full of misconceptions. The first one is to equate machines with technology. Even though the evolution of medical equipment has influenced the development of health technologies, the concept of health technology is much broader. Yet, equipment does drive technology. Another misconception is the belief that appropriate technology is technology for developing countries. Although simplified systems have been developed for these countries, the whole world has limited health resources and is constantly struggling with the challenge of how to manage health-care delivery in health conditions of resource constraint. Thus, it is essential that any new technology should be evaluated before it is placed in clinical use. The process is called "health technology assessment" (HTA) and it consists of a multidisciplinary activity that systematically examines the safety, clinical efficacy and effectiveness, cost, cost-effectiveness, organizational implications, social consequences, and the legal and ethical considerations of the application of a health technology. Once it has been decided that a particular technology is appropriate for an industrialized country, it should be assessed whether the process can be transferred to a developing country, using guidance from HTA agencies. Medical physicists should have a prominent role in advising governments whether a particular health technology is appropriate for a particular medical facility.

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“…En las Américas, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) ha colaborado desde la década de 1960 con los Estados Miembros en la elaboración de normas de protección radiológica y en el desarrollo de actividades de control de las fuentes de radiación (11). En 1997, la OPS publicó un libro con abundante información sobre la organización y el desarrollo de los servicios de imaginología y radioterapia, en el que se presentan los principales conceptos sobre protección radiológica y aspectos reguladores (12).…”

Section: El Equilibrio Entre Los Beneficios Y Los Riesgos: La Regulaciónunclassified

La regulación de la protección radiológica y la función de las autoridades de salud

Arias

2006

Rev Panam Salud Publica

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This article summarizes the development of protection against ionizing radiation and explains current thinking in the field. It also looks at the decisive role that regulatory agencies for radiological protection must play and the important contributions that can be made by health authorities. The latter should take an active part in at least three aspects: the formal education of health personnel regarding radiological protection; the medical care of individuals who are accidentally overexposed, and the radiological protection of patients undergoing radiological procedures. To this end, health professionals must possess sufficient knowledge about radiological protection, promote the use of proper equipment, and apply the necessary quality assurance procedures. Through their effective intervention, national health authorities can greatly contribute to reducing unnecessary doses of radiation during medical procedures involving radiation sources and decrease the chances that radiological accidents will take place.

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History of the radiological health program of the Pan American Health Organization

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Noncommunicable diseases in the Americas: a review of the Pan American Health Organization’s 25-year program of work

Noncommunicable diseases in the Americas: a review of the Pan American Health Organization’s 25-year program of work

Everything medical physicists always wanted to know about appropriate technology but were afraid to ask

La regulación de la protección radiológica y la función de las autoridades de salud

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