HIV/AIDS epidemic features and trends in setif city (Algeria) from 1986 to 2009

Ouyahia, Amel; Raïs, Mustapha; Gasmi, Abdelkader; Guenifi, Wahiba; Mechakra, S; Lacheheb, Abdelmadjid

doi:10.1186/1742-4690-7-s1-p99

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…During the study period (2008-2017), there was an increasing trend in the prevalence of HIV/AIDS within the Northern African region with great variation among the countries within the region Figure 2, shows the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in each North African country during the study period. In 2008, the highest prevalence was reported in Sudan (1.3%) followed by Algeria(1.2%) and Mauritania(1.3 %) [22][23][24] .…”

Section: Temporal Trends Of Hiv/aids In North Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence, trends and spatiotemporal distribution of HIV/AIDS infection in Northern African countries.

Daw¹,

Sifennasr²,

El-Bouzedi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major global public health concern. Northern African countries carry a disproportionate burden of HIV, accounting for one of the highest prevalences in Africa. Here in, we sought to analyze the epidemiological characterization and spatial trends of HIV infection in the Northern African region.Methods: A systematic review was carried out on all the published data regarding HIV/AIDS in Northern African countries over a ten year period ( 2008-2017) following the PRISMA guidelines. We performed a comprehensive literature search using Medline PubMed, Embase, regional and international databases, and country-level reports were searched with no language restriction. The quality, quantity, and geographic coverage of the data were assessed at both the country and region levels. We used random-effects methods, spatial variables and stratified results by demographic factors. Only original data for the prevalence of HIV infection were included and independently evaluated by professional epidemiologists.Results: A total of 721 records were identified by our data search , and only 41 that met our criteria were included in the meta-analysis during the study period. There was a considerable variability in the prevalence estimates of HIV within the countries of the region. The overall prevalence of HIV in northern African countries ranged from 0.9% (95% CI (0.8–1.27) to 3.8% (95% CI (1.17-6 .53)). The highest prevalence was associated with vulnerable groups, particularly drug abusers and sexual promiscuity. Dense HIV clustering was also reported during the study period, varying from one country to another. At least 13 HIV subtypes and recombinant forms were prevalent in the region. Subtype B was the most common variant , followed by CRF02_AG.Conclusion: This comprehensive review indicated that HIV infection in Northern African countries is an emerging threat. Effective strategies are needed both at national and regional levels to improve monitoring and controlling the transmission of HIV with a particular emphasis on geographic variability and HIV clustering.

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Section: Temporal Trends Of Hiv/aids In North Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence, trends and spatiotemporal distribution of HIV/AIDS infection in Northern African countries.

Daw¹,

Sifennasr²,

El-Bouzedi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The findings described above lead to a multi-receptor model for HTLV-1 entry (Ghez et al, 2010; Jones et al, 2011). Namely, during the initial binding phase, the CTD of HTLV-1 SU interacts with HSPGs.…”

Section: A Receptor Complex Model Of Htlv-1 Entrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Factors Involved in HTLV-1 Entry and Pathogenicit

Hoshino¹

2012

Front. Microbio.

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Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1 – associated myelopathy and tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HTLV-1 has a preferential tropism for CD4 T cells in healthy carriers and ATL patients, while both CD4 and CD8 T cells serve as viral reservoirs in HAM/TSP patients. HTLV-1 has also been detected other cell types, including monocytes, endothelial cells, and dendritic cells. In contrast to the limited cell tropism of HTLV-1 in vivo, the HTLV receptor appears to be expressed in almost all human or animal cell lines. It remains to be examined whether this cell tropism is determined by host factors or by HTLV-1 heterogeneity. Unlike most retroviruses, cell-free virions of HTLV-1 are very poorly infectious. The lack of completely HTLV-1-resistant cells and the low infectivity of HTLV-1 have hampered research on the HTLV entry receptor. Entry of HTLV-1 into target cells is thought to involve interactions between the env (Env) glycoproteins, a surface glycoprotein (surface unit), and a transmembrane glycoprotein. Recent studies have shown that glucose transporter GLUT1, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), and neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) are the three proteins important for the entry of HTLV-1. Studies using adherent cell lines have shown that GLUT1 can function as a receptor for HTLV. HSPGs are required for efficient entry of HTLV-1 into primary CD4 T cells. NRP-1 is expressed in most established cell lines. Further studies have shown that these three molecules work together to promote HTLV-1 binding to cells and fusion of viral and cell membranes. The virus could first contact with HSPGs and then form complexes with NRP-1, followed by association with GLUT1. It remains to be determined whether these three molecules can explain HTLV-1 cell tropism. It also remains to be more definitively proven that these molecules are sufficient to permit HTLV-1 entry into completely HTLV-1-resistant cells.

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Epidemiological characterization and geographic distribution of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome infection in North African countries

Daw

Ahmed

2021

WJV

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BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major global public health concern . North African countries carry a disproportionate burden of HIV representing one of the highest rates in Africa. AIM To characterize the epidemiological and spatial trends of HIV infection in this region. METHODS A systematic review was carried out on all the published data regarding HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in North African countries over ten years (2008-2017) following the PRISMA guidelines. We performed a comprehensive literature search using Medline PubMed, Embase, regional and international databases, and country-level reports with no language restriction. The quality, quantity, and geographic coverage of the data were assessed at both the national and regional levels. We used random-effects methods, spatial variables, and stratified results by demographic factors. Only original data on the prevalence of HIV infection were included and independently evaluated by professional epidemiologists. RESULTS A total of 721 records were identified but only 41 that met the criteria were included in the meta-analysis. There was considerable variability in the prevalence estimates of HIV within the countries of the region. The overall prevalence of HIV ranged from 0.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8-1.27] to 3.8% (95%CI 1.17-6.53). The highest prevalence was associated with vulnerable groups and particularly drug abusers and sexually promiscuous individuals. The dense HIV clustering noted varied from one country to another. At least 13 HIV subtypes and recombinant forms were prevalent in the region. Subtype B was the most common variant, followed by CRF02_AG. CONCLUSION This comprehensive review indicates that HIV infection in North African countries is an increasing threat. Effective national and regional strategies are needed to improve monitoring and control of HIV transmission, with particular emphasis on geographic variability and HIV clustering.

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HIV/AIDS epidemic features and trends in setif city (Algeria) from 1986 to 2009

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence, trends and spatiotemporal distribution of HIV/AIDS infection in Northern African countries.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence, trends and spatiotemporal distribution of HIV/AIDS infection in Northern African countries.

Cellular Factors Involved in HTLV-1 Entry and Pathogenicit

Epidemiological characterization and geographic distribution of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome infection in North African countries

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