HIV-associated tuberculosis in developing countries: epidemiology and strategies for prevention

Narain, Jai Prakash; Raviglione, Mario C.; Kochi, Arata

doi:10.1016/0962-8479(92)90033-g

Cited by 241 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…An increase in TB susceptibility is associated to the first HIV infection stages, accelerating its progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (Young 1998). The incidence of double infection cases occurs mainly among workers in high productivity age, such as 15 to 59 years old (Narain et al 1992). Among patients with AIDS (immune suppressed) there can be opportunistic infections, caused by the so called "atypical mycobacteria", which include the M. avium complex, M. kansasii, M. fortuitum, and M. chelonae, although these species are essentially saprophytic (Brennan & Nikaido 1995).…”

Section: Tuberculosis and Aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The resumption of consumption: a review on tuberculosis

Ruffino-Netto

Basso

Santos

2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

169

135

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Section: Tuberculosis and Aidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The resumption of consumption: a review on tuberculosis

Ruffino-Netto

Basso

Santos

2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

169

135

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“…Los resultados de nuestras estimaciones del número de casos con baciloscopía positiva, realizadas con un RAIT de 0.5 y 1% son semejantes a los resultados obtenidos en este informe de la OMS, que menciona que las estimaciones para un RAIT de 1.5% pueden ser representativas de los habitantes de sitios marginados de México.ción por el VIH. 23 En México, la coinfección tuberculosis-VIH es de aproximadamente 3% y se estima que 25% de los sujetos infectados por el VIH desarrollan tuberculosis clínica durante el curso de su infección. 24 La fármacorresistencia del bacilo tuberculoso va en aumento sobre todo en algunas regiones del mundo, por la utilización inapropiada de los esquemas de tratamiento, que seleccionan cepas resistentes de Mycobacterium tuberculosis.…”

Section: Las Discrepancias Son Importantes Y El Origen De Las Mismas unclassified

Discrepancias entre los datos ofrecidos por la Secretaría de Salud y la Organización Mundial de la Salud sobre tuberculosis en México, 1981-1998

2003

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Objective. To describe the tuberculosis morbidity and mortality trends in Mexico, by comparing the data reported by the Ministry of Health (MH) and the World Health Organization (WHO) between 1981 and 1998. Material and Methods. The number of cases notified in the past few years, their rates, and the trends of the disease in Mexico were analyzed. The incidence of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis was estimated for 1997 and 1998 with the annual tuberculosis infection risk (ATIR), to estimate the percentage of bacilliferous cases in 1997-1998. Results. WHO reported more tuberculosis cases for Mexico than the MH. However, this difference has decreased throughout the years. The notification of smear-positive cases remained stable during 1993-1998. The estimated percentages of detection were 66% for 1997 and 26% for 1998 (based on ATIR of 0.5%). Tuberculosis mortality decreased gradually (6.7% per year) between 1990 and 1998, whereas the number of new cases increased, suggesting the persistence of disease transmission in the population. Conclusions. Inconsistencies between case notifications from national data and WHO were considerable, but decreased progressively during the study period. According to ATIR estimations, a considerable number of infectious tuberculosis cases are not detected.

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“…Until 1985 notified TB cases were decreasing, but since then the trend was reversed with HIV attributable TB cases ranging from 0 -72% of reported TB cases between 1985 -1993 in sub -Saharan Africa (1,2). It is estimated that the resurgence of TB would affect 90 million people by the year 2000 (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%