HIV in Canada—Surveillance Report, 2016

Bourgeois, Annie-Claude; Edmunds, Matthew R.; Awan, A; Jonah, L; Varsaneux, Olivia; Siu, W

doi:10.14745/ccdr.v43i12a01

Cited by 75 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Over all reporting years, when comparing males to females, there was a greater proportion of AIDS cases in the older age groups (30-50+ years old) for males than females, while females made up a greater proportion of cases in the younger age groups (0-29 years old). This is consistent with the proportions of age groups in cumulative HIV cases across all reporting years; however, it is possible that the distribution of female AIDS cases will shift to older age groups over time, as a similar trend has been noted in HIV cases in recent years (11).…”

Section: Aids Mortalitysupporting

confidence: 81%

“…No changes to this trend were noted in 2016, with the highest AIDS case counts found in Ontario (n=66), Saskatchewan (n=22) and Alberta (n=19). Of the reported cases in 2016, adults aged 50 years and older accounted for the largest proportion of AIDS cases (36.0%) with the increase over the past five years in proportion to newly diagnosed HIV cases in this age group (11). Over all reporting years, when comparing males to females, there was a greater proportion of AIDS cases in the older age groups (30-50+ years old) for males than females, while females made up a greater proportion of cases in the younger age groups (0-29 years old).…”

Section: Aids Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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AIDS in Canada—Surveillance Report, 2016

Jonah

Bourgeois

Edmunds

et al. 2017

Canada Communicable Disease Report

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Section: Aids Mortalitysupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Aids Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

AIDS in Canada—Surveillance Report, 2016

Jonah

Bourgeois

Edmunds

et al. 2017

Canada Communicable Disease Report

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“…In Canada, there are believed to be 75,500 people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), with an annual incidence of new HIV infections of approximately 3,175 cases per year (Government of Canada, 2016) . There has been an increase in the national diagnosis rate of HIV in Canada from 5.8 per 100,000 population in 2015 to 6.4 per 100,000 population in 2016, which is the highest number of cases reported since 2009 . In British Columbia in particular, the rate of new HIV diagnoses was 5.1 (241 cases) per 100,000 population in 2016, and more than 12,000 are currently living with HIV in that province (BCCDC, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What are the self‐reported unmet dental treatment needs of people living with HIV in British Columbia? A case of minority subpopulation in Canada

Jessani

Aleksejūnienė

Donnelly

et al. 2020

J Public Health Dent

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Objectives To identify associations of Andersen and Newman's (A&N) predisposing, enabling, and need factors with self‐reported oral health status and self‐reported unmet dental treatment needs in a sample of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in British Columbia (BC), Canada. Methods Participants responded anonymously to a 41‐item online questionnaire with the following inclusion criteria: a) be at least 19 years old; b) self‐identify as HIV‐positive; c) be able to provide consent and be willing to voluntarily participate in the study; d) be residing in British Columbia; and e) be able to proficiently respond to the questions in English. Following the descriptive statistics, associations between A&N model factors and the main outcome variables (self‐reported oral health status and self‐reported dental treatment needs) were evaluated using bivariate inferential analyses. Results A total of 186 participants met the inclusion criteria. Approximately 40% (n = 74) of participants rated the health of their mouth as fair/poor and more than half (n = 112; 60.2%) reported having bleeding gums, tooth decay or tooth sensitivity. The bivariate analysis for the self‐reported oral status as the outcome variable showed “having fair/poor general health” (P = 0.001), “unemployment” (P = 0.019), “avoiding dental treatment due to cost” (P = 0.005), and “not visiting a dental professional within the last year” (P < 0.001) as the strongest predictors. For the second outcome variable unmet dental treatment needs, the strongest predictors were “experience of being discriminated by dental professionals” (P = 0.001), “having fair/poor general health” (P = 0.006), and “suffering from past and current medical conditions due to HIV” (P < 0.001). Conclusions Several predisposing, enabling and need factors from the A&N model were associated with self‐reported oral health status and unmet dental treatment needs of PLHIV. Results from this study highlight the needs of improving access to affordable dental care to address the unmet oral health needs of PLHIV.

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“…While details regarding the limitations of the HASS have been described elsewhere (4,10), several key limitations should be highlighted. HASS is a passive case-based surveillance system that collates data submitted annually on a voluntary basis to PHAC from all provincial and territorial public health authorities, as opposed to active case solicitation.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV in Canada—Surveillance Report, 2017

Haddad

Totten

et al. 2018

CCDR

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Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global public health issue with an estimated 1.8 million people newly infected in 2017. Objective: To provide a descriptive overview of reported cases of HIV in Canada by geographic location, sex, age group, exposure category and race/ethnicity, from 1985-2017, with a focus on the most recent data. Methods: The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) monitors HIV through the national HIV/ AIDS Surveillance System, which is a passive, case-based system that collates non-nominal data voluntarily submitted and validated by all Canadian provinces and territories. Additional data sources presented here include data on immigration-related medical screening for HIV by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada and data on infants perinatally-exposed to HIV submitted by the Canadian Perinatal HIV Surveillance Program. Data were collated, tables and figures were prepared and descriptive statistics were applied by PHAC and validated by each province and territory. Results: A total of 2,402 new HIV diagnoses were reported in 2017 in Canada; an increase of 3% compared with 2016 and an increase of 17.1% since 2014. The national diagnosis rate increased slightly, from 6.4 per 100,000 population in 2016 to 6.5 per 100,000 population in 2017. In 2017, while Ontario continued to account for the highest number (n=935) and proportion (38.9%) of reported HIV cases, Saskatchewan reported the highest provincial diagnosis rate (15.5 per 100,000 population). In 2017, the diagnostic rate for males at 9.9 per 100,000 population was higher than for females at 3.2 per 100,000 population. As in 2016, the 30-39 year age group had the highest HIV diagnosis rate at 14.8 per 100,000 population. The "gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men" exposure category continued to represent almost half (46.4%) of all reported HIV cases in adults. In 2017, the absolute number of HIV-positive migrants entering Canada increased to a total number of 835 migrants. One mother-to-child HIV transmission was confirmed in a mother who did not receive any perinatal antiretroviral therapy and two transmissions were confirmed in mothers who did receive perinatal antiretroviral therapy. Conclusion: Similar to the annual changes that have been reported since 2014, the number and rate of reported HIV cases in Canada in 2017 increased slightly compared with 2016. Additional data and analysis are needed to determine the extent to which these findings reflect an increase in HIV transmission, an increase in HIV testing, changes in reporting practices and an increase in the number of HIV-positive people migrating to Canada.

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HIV in Canada—Surveillance Report, 2016

Cited by 75 publications

References 2 publications

AIDS in Canada—Surveillance Report, 2016

AIDS in Canada—Surveillance Report, 2016

What are the self‐reported unmet dental treatment needs of people living with HIV in British Columbia? A case of minority subpopulation in Canada

HIV in Canada—Surveillance Report, 2017

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