HIV Prevalence and Correlates of Unprotected Anal Intercourse Among Men Who Have Sex with Men, Jinan, China

Ruan, Shiman; Yang, Hui; Zhu, Yanwen; Ma, Yanhui; Li, Jinxing; Zhao, Jinkou; McFarland, Willi; Raymond, H. Fisher

doi:10.1007/s10461-008-9361-9

Cited by 72 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…One can find in China gay men similar in education and attitude to their counter parts in the West. The common bisexual practice revealed in this study is consistent with other reports in China, 13,19,25,27,32 it is far more common than a corresponding figure reported in the West. 43 Under societal and family pressure, most MSM fear revealing their true sexual orientation.…”

Section: Liao Et Alsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…High prevalence of syphilis and selfreported STDs among MSM demonstrated that a large number of MSM engaged in unprotected sex behaviors that place them at high risk for HIV. 31,32 The epidemiologic synergy between HIV and other STDs 7,24,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] and rapid spread of HIV/syphilis among Shandong's gay men and bisexuals highlighted the significance of the potential epidemiologic bridge in spreading HIV.…”

Section: Liao Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bisexual Behavior and Infection with HIV and Syphilis Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Along the East Coast of China

Liao

Kang

Jiang

et al. 2011

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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This study examined the correlates of bisexual behavior and infection with HIV/syphilis among men who have sex with men only (MSM-only) and those who have sex with both men and women (MSMW) in Shandong, China. Cross-sectional surveys probed sociodemographic information, sexual and drug use behaviors, knowledge, and use of prevention services; blood samples were tested for HIV/syphilis status. Of 2996 participants, 39.5% acknowledged being MSMW; 60.5% being MSM-only; 2.5% were HIV-infected with similar rates for MSMW (2.5%) and MSM-only (2.6%); 5.5% syphilis-infected with comparable rates for MSMW (5.6%) and MSMonly (5.5%). In multivariable models, MSMW were more likely than MSM-only to be older, local residents, recruited from outdoor cruising area, drug users, and less likely to have used a condom during last anal sex with a male partner. HIV-infected MSMW were more likely to have syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and less likely to have received peer education. HIV-infected MSM-only were more likely to be older, nonlocal residents, and have syphilis and other STDs. MSMW with syphilis were more likely to be recruited from Jinan, Qingdao, and Zibo (versus Yantai), infected with HIV, and less likely to have received lubricant promotion. MSM-only with syphilis were more likely to be recruited from Jinan and Qingdao (versus Yantai), drug users, infected with HIV, and have had sex with male partners in the past 6 months. High prevalence of bisexual behavior and HIV/other STDs with common unprotected sex and multiple sexual partners among Shandong's gay community revealed in this study highlighted the importance of bisexuals as a potential epidemiologic bridge. Further research is needed to investigate the impact of bisexual behaviors on population transmission.

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Section: Liao Et Alsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Liao Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisexual Behavior and Infection with HIV and Syphilis Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Along the East Coast of China

Liao

Kang

Jiang

et al. 2011

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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“…High prevalence and incidence of syphilis among MSM demonstrated that a large number of MSM were participating in unprotected sexual behaviors that place them at high risk for HIV and other STDs. 40,41 The epidemiologic synergistic relationship between STDs, particularly between ulcerative diseases like syphilis and HIV infection, have been evidenced. 9,42 Syphilis is a disaster in China and many studies find syphilis and HIV co-infection among MSM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Recent data indicated an emerging epidemic among MSM in the main cities. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] According to the China Ministry of Health, 2-4% of adult males in China are primarily homosexual in their sexual behaviors which corresponds to 5-10 million men. 18 Because of the large size of the population, the recent rapid increase of HIV prevalence in MSM in China could mean a new emerging HIV epidemic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Incident Infections for HIV, Syphilis, and Hepatitis B Virus in A Cohort of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Beijing

Jia

Ruan

et al. 2010

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Recent data suggest that the prevalence of HIV/syphilis infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China increased rapidly. This cohort study was to assess the correlates of the incident infections for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) among sexually active and HIV-negative MSM in China. A cohort of 507 HIVseronegative MSM was recruited from November 2006 to February 2007. Sociodemographics, sexual and drug use behaviors, uptake of HIV-prevention services, and HIV, syphilis, and HBV seroconversions were assessed at 6-and 12-month follow-up. The incidence rates were 2.6 per 100 person-years for HIV, 16.9 per 100 person-years for syphilis, and 3.3 per 100 person-years for HBV. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that syphilis infection (hazard ratio [HR] ¼ 3.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-11.6) and no perceived risk of HIV infection (HR ¼ 6.0; 95% CI: 1.6-22.7) were independently associated with HIV seroconversion. Predictors for syphilis seroconversion included less education (HR ¼ 1.87; 95% CI: 1.1-3.3), found male sex partners through bathhouses/public washrooms/parks (HR ¼ 2.19; 95% CI: 1.2-4.0), drank alcohol 4 or more times monthly (HR ¼ 1.95; 95% CI: 1.1-3.6), and had sexually transmitted diseases (HR ¼ 2.65; 95% CI: 1.5-4.5). The only predictor for incident HBV seroconvension was having more male sex partners in the past 3 months (HR ¼ 11.8; 95% CI: 1.5-90.4). Alarmingly high incidence rates of HIV, syphilis, and HBV were found among MSM concurrently with high prevalent risky behaviors and low uptakes of health care services. The findings of this study underscore the urgent needs for a comprehensive intervention strategy to curtail the rapid spread of HIV, syphilis, and HBV.

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“…Several factors are associated with the ongoing HIV transmission among MSM in China, such as lack of HIV knowledge; high prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and unprotected anal intercourse; illicit substances use; and unrecognized infections due to lack of HIV testing (Lau et al, 2008;Ruan et al, 2008;Ruan et al, 2009;Zhang & Chu, 2005). To curb the spread of HIV through MSM, several interventions have been implemented to reduce high-risk behaviors and to increase HIV testing in China.…”

Section: Joint Marketing As a Framework For Targeting Men Who Have Sementioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Marketing as a Framework for Targeting Men Who Have Sex With Men in China: A Pilot Intervention Study

Tan¹,

Cai²,

Lu³

et al. 2013

AIDS Education and Prevention

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To apply the joint marketing principle as a new intervention approach for targeting men who have sex with men (MSM) who are often difficult to reach in societies with discrimination towards homosexuality and HIV/ AIDS. A pilot intervention according to the principles of joint marketing was carried out by the CDC in Shenzhen, China, in MSM social venues. A self-designed questionnaire of HIV knowledge, condom use, and access to HIV-related services was used before and after the pilot intervention to evaluate its effectiveness. The CDC supported gatekeepers of MSM social venues in running their business and thereby increasing their respectability and income. In return, the gatekeepers cooperated with the CDC in reaching the MSM at the venues with health promotion messages and materials. Thus a win-win situation was created, bringing together two noncompetitive parties in reaching out to a shared customer, the MSM. The pilot intervention succeeded in demonstrating acceptability and feasibility of the joint marketing approach targeting MSM. HIV knowledge, the rate of condom use, and access to HIV-related services of participants in the pilot intervention increased significantly. The joint marketing intervention is an innovative way to create synergies between the gatekeepers of MSM social venues and public health officials for reaching and potentially changing HIV high-risk behaviors among MSM.

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HIV Prevalence and Correlates of Unprotected Anal Intercourse Among Men Who Have Sex with Men, Jinan, China

Cited by 72 publications

References 16 publications

Bisexual Behavior and Infection with HIV and Syphilis Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Along the East Coast of China

Bisexual Behavior and Infection with HIV and Syphilis Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Along the East Coast of China

Correlates of Incident Infections for HIV, Syphilis, and Hepatitis B Virus in A Cohort of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Beijing

Joint Marketing as a Framework for Targeting Men Who Have Sex With Men in China: A Pilot Intervention Study

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