HIV-Related Risk Behaviors and History of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Male Migrants Who Patronize Commercial Sex in China

Wang, Bo; Li, Xiaoming; Stanton, Bonita; Fang, Xiaoyi; Lin, Danhua; Mao, Ruoyu

doi:10.1097/01.olq.0000222668.95038.03

Cited by 67 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These results were consistent with findings from previous studies that unmarried men and women earning a high income were likely to engage in commercial sex (Parish et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2007). Despite the lack of general profiles of those visiting entertainment venues, there is little doubt that financial stability plays a role.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Visiting Entertainment Venues and Sexual Health in China

Li¹,

Wu²,

Guan

et al. 2008

Arch Sex Behav

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Entertainment venues in China are associated with risky sexual behavior. Most previous studies related to entertainment venues in China have focused on sex workers and commercial sex, but this study addressed sexual health in a sample of the general urban population. A randomly selected sample of market vendors (n = 4,510) from an eastern city was recruited and assessed to examine relationships between entertainment venue visits and sexual risk. Both behavioral (self-reports of unprotected sex) and biomedical (STD test results) measures were used. About 18% of the sample (26.8% of men and 9% of women) reported visiting entertainment venues in the past 30 days. Those who visited entertainment venues were more likely to be male, younger, single, with higher education, and to have more discretionary income. For both men and women, visiting entertainment venues was a significant predictor for unprotected sex and STD infection. Gender differences were observed in predicting unprotected sex and STD infections. Entertainment venues could be potential sites for place-based intervention programs and out-reach for the general population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Visiting Entertainment Venues and Sexual Health in China

Li¹,

Wu²,

Guan

et al. 2008

Arch Sex Behav

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“…Our findings reflect existing literature that suggests that condom use is low in China (Merli et al 2009), particularly among sex workers and their clients (Hesketh, Zhang, and Qiang 2005;van den Hoek et al 2001;Wang et al 2007). In this study, the primary reasons cited for not using condoms included lack of knowledge and being unprepared and, among women, feeling discriminated against by family planning clinics and organisations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Sexual attitudes, behaviours and acculturation among young migrants in Shanghai

Sudhinaraset

Mmari

et al. 2012

Culture, Health & Sexuality

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China's rates of internal migration increased to an all-time high of over 200 million individuals at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Yet, there is a dearth of information on the lives of young migrant populations. The aim of this study was to explore how migration influences the sexual attitudes and behaviours of 18-24-year-old migrant men and women in Shanghai, China. A total of 64 migrants participated in 10 focus-group discussions and 20 in-depth interviews. Guided by acculturation theory, coded data were organised into analytic matrices to compare themes across participants. Factors associated with increased sexual-risk behaviours include acculturative stress, discrimination leading to social isolation, conflicts between traditional and modern city values and increased sexual opportunities. Premarital sex, cohabitation, unprotected sex and visiting sex workers are common among this population. Reasons for not using condoms included being unprepared, lack of knowledge and barriers in accessing reproductive services due to not having urban documentation. Local family planning programmes should help migrants negotiate traditional and modern values and partner with work-sites to provide comprehensive sexual education and services and train health professionals in the specific healthcare needs of young migrant populations.

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“…Our 2006 nationally representative data on men's self-reported FSW contact and STIs were consistent with these reports, demonstrating that 6% to 8% of men buy commercial sex and that unprotected commercial sex increased the likelihood of contracting STIs (Pan et al , 2011. Extensive FSW use by Chinese men from all social classes and the high prevalence of STIs among FSWs (Wang et al 2007, Xu et al 2008, Jin et al 2010) raises concern about the spread of STIs/HIV, especially in male clients, who are proving to be an important bridge population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few studies with convenience samples have been conducted describing HIV/AIDS related knowledge, condom use (Wan et al 2008, Lau et al 2009, Li and Xia 2010, Feng et al 2010, Wang et al 2010, Yang et al 2010a, 2010b and HIV prevalence of clients (Wang et al 2007, Jin et al 2010). There are also smaller descriptive studies researching masculinity and sexuality among higher-status clients, namely businessmen and government officials (Zheng 2006, Uretsky 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the diversity of male clients of sex workers in China and the implications for HIV prevention programmes

Huang

Maman

Pan

2012

Global Public Health

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Male clients of sex workers have been overlooked in China's HIV prevention efforts. This study aims to examine men's practices and attitudes toward extramarital sexual relationships, motivations for visiting female sex workers (FSWs), perceptions of sexually transmitted infection (STI)/HIV risk and risk prevention strategies used. One hundred and eighty-six clients of FSWs with varying socio-economic statuses were interviewed in different sex work settings. Men described no conflict between their role as a client and a responsible family provider. They described social pressure from peers and business partners to visit FSWs, sexual pleasure and companionship as motivators to seek commercial sex. While some men reported no risks associated with visiting FSWs, others identified risks such as being arrested by the police, robbed by gangs and threatening the health of their families by contracting a STI. This study underscores the diversity of FSW clients and the need to understand the beliefs and behaviours of different client types to develop appropriate HIV prevention programmes. It also demonstrates the feasibility of recruiting different types of male clients, a hard-to-reach population for Chinese HIV prevention efforts.

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HIV-Related Risk Behaviors and History of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Male Migrants Who Patronize Commercial Sex in China

Abstract: Background and Objective-Men who pay for sexual services are at increased risk for HIV/ sexually transmitted disease. Data on the sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of such men in China are limited.

Cited by 67 publications

References 28 publications

Visiting Entertainment Venues and Sexual Health in China

Visiting Entertainment Venues and Sexual Health in China

Sexual attitudes, behaviours and acculturation among young migrants in Shanghai

Understanding the diversity of male clients of sex workers in China and the implications for HIV prevention programmes

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