HIV seroprevalence among new TB patients in the civilian and prisoner populations of Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine

Raykhert, I; Miškinis, Kęstutis; Lepshyna, Svitlana; Kosinova, Olga; Kovalyova, Anna; Zaleskis, R.; Nunn, Paul; Zignol, Matteo

doi:10.1080/00365540801898598

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Only six of the studies retrieved [2,50,53,62,69,70] provided any comparison of a prisoner's risk of co-infection to that of the general population. All of these studies found the risk or prevalence of co-infection to be greater among prison residents than that of the general community.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prisoners co‐infected with tuberculosis and HIV: a systematic review

Edge

King

Dolan

et al. 2016

Journal of the International AIDS Society

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IntroductionAlmost from the beginning of the HIV epidemic in 1981, an association with tuberculosis (TB) was recognized. This association between HIV and TB co-infection has been particularly evident amongst prisoners. However, despite this, few studies of TB in prisons have stratified results by HIV status. Given the high prevalence of HIV-positive persons and TB-infected persons in prisons and the documented risk of TB in those infected with HIV, it is of interest to determine how co-infection varies amongst prison populations worldwide. For this reason we have undertaken a systematic review of studies of co-infected prisoners to determine the incidence and/or prevalence of HIV/TB co-infection in prisons, as well as outcomes in this group, measured as treatment success or death.MethodsA literature search was undertaken using the online databases PubMed, Embase, IBSS, Scopus, Web of Science, Global Health and CINAHL Plus. No restrictions were set on language or publication date for article retrieval, with articles included if indexed up to 18 October 2015. A total of 1975 non-duplicate papers were identified. For treatment and outcome data all eligible papers were appraised for inclusion; for incidence/prevalence estimates papers published prior to 2000 were excluded from full text review. After full text appraisal, 46 papers were selected for inclusion in the review, 41 for incidence/prevalence estimates and nine for outcomes data, with four papers providing evidence for both outcomes and prevalence/incidence.ResultsVery few studies estimated the incidence of TB in HIV positive prisoners, with most simply reporting prevalence of co-infection. Co-infection is rarely explicitly measured, with studies simply reporting HIV status in prisoners with TB, or a cross-sectional survey of TB prevalence amongst prisoners with HIV. Estimates of co-infection prevalence ranged from 2.4 to 73.1% and relative risks for one, given the other, ranged from 2.0 to 10.75, although some studies reported no significant association between HIV and TB. Few studies provided a comparison with the risk of co-infection in the general population.ConclusionsPrisoners infected with HIV are at high risk of developing TB. However, the magnitude of risk varies between different prisons and countries. There is little evidence on treatment outcomes in co-infected prisoners, and the existing evidence is conflicting in regards to HIV status influence on prisoner treatment outcomes.PROSPERO Number: CRD42016034068

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prisoners co‐infected with tuberculosis and HIV: a systematic review

Edge

King

Dolan

et al. 2016

Journal of the International AIDS Society

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“…HIVinfected persons in congregate settings, such as prisons and centers for refugees or internally displaced persons, have a higher risk and incidence of TB, HIV infection, and drug use in many countries [53][54][55]. There is often increased transmission of HIV and TB, including MDR-TB, in prisons [51,54,56]. The crowded living conditions in most congregate settings facilitate the transmission of TB.…”

Section: Hiv Infection-related Tb In Special Populationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This further compounds the impact of HIV infection-related TB in drug users who are either HIV infected or vulnerable to HIV infection. Access to effective interventions for HIV-infected patients with TB who are also drug users is worsened by poor treatment access, low rates of TB treatment completion, and exposure to prison settings [51]. Early introduction of harm-reduction measures in Australia and New Zealand led to a rate of HIV infection of 1.5% among drug users, and in eastern Europe, South Asia, and Latin America, rates are upward of 40% [49].…”

Section: Hiv Infection-related Tb In Special Populationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

HIV Infection–Associated Tuberculosis: The Epidemiology and the Response

Getahun

Gunneberg

Granich³

et al. 2010

CLIN INFECT DIS

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Of the 33.2 million persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), one-third are estimated to also be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2008, there were an estimated 1.4 million new cases of tuberculosis (TB) among persons with HIV infection, and TB accounted for 26% of AIDS-related deaths. The relative risk of TB among HIV-infected persons, compared with that among HIV-uninfected persons, ranges from 20- and 37-fold, depending on the state of the HIV epidemic. In 2008, 1.4 million patients with TB were tested globally for HIV, and 81 countries tested more than half of their patients with TB for HIV. Only 4% of all persons infected with HIV were screened for TB in the same year. Decentralization of HIV treatment services and strengthening of its integration with TB services are essential. Use of the highly decentralized TB services as an entry point to rapidly expand access to antiretroviral therapy and methods for prevention of HIV infection must be pursued aggressively.

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“…Eastern Europe (EE) presents major challenges in terms of management of the Tuberculosis (TB)/HIV epidemic, mainly due to the high rates of multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB. [1][2][3] The numbers of TB/HIV coinfected people are rapidly increasing, and mortality of TB/HIV patients in this region remains among the highest in the world 2,[4][5][6][7] , there is very little published evidence from EE on management of coinfected patients and risk factors for excess mortality. We have previously described the clinical aspects of TB/HIV epidemic in EE, when the retrospective TB:HIV study was conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%