HIV viraemia during pregnancy in women receiving preconception antiretroviral therapy in KwaDukuza, KwaZulu-Natal

Ntlantsana, Vuyokazi; Hift, Richard; Mphatswe, Wendy

doi:10.4102/sajhivmed.v20i1.847

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…There was, however, no significant correlation between HIV status and antibiotic use or treatment duration (p = 0.9). This might indicate the positive impact of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy on decreasing the Similarly, these results were found in KwaZulu-Natal and Nigeria, although this explanation cannot be extrapolated to the general population and is limited to this study (Calder et al 2020;Mepham et al 2011;Ntlantsana et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The prevalence of the HIV in South Africa remains high (Cohn & Clark 2014;Ntlantsana, Hift & Mphatswe 2019) and considering the large percentage of HIV-positive women in this study, it was expected that the duration of antibiotic therapy and the number of prescriptions dispensed to these women would be higher compared with HIV-negative pregnant women. There was, however, no significant correlation between HIV status and antibiotic use or treatment duration (p = 0.9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Antibiotic use amongst pregnant women in a public hospital in KwaZulu-Natal

Naidoo

Bangalee

Oosthuizen

2021

Health SA Gesondheid

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Background: Antibiotics are amongst the more frequently prescribed medicines in pregnant women and the use of antibiotics is increasing. However, with limited studies available in this population, the safe use of antibiotics in pregnancy remains a concern.Aim: To evaluate the use of antibiotics amongst pregnant women attending a public health care facility. The main objective of this study was to quantify the types of antibiotics used in pregnant women.Setting: A public hospital classified as a referral hospital located in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal.Methods: Demographic and treatment information of women were collected retrospectively from January 2019 to July 2019. A total of 184 pregnant patients, who received antibiotic therapy, were included in this study. Descriptive and analytical measures were used to analyse both patient demographics and treatment variables.Results: A total of 416 antibiotic prescriptions, issued to 184 patients, were reviewed. Penicillins (39.7%), macrolides (13.0%) and combination penicillin- and beta-lactam inhibitors (12.3%) were reported as the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. Rifamycin (2.9%), hydrazides (2.2%) and aminoglycosides (1.9%) were less frequently prescribed. Most antibiotics were prescribed for diseases of the circulatory system (36.1%).Conclusion: Several classes of antibiotics were used in pregnancy despite the lack of available safety data and clinical evidence. Informing women of the potential side effects and keeping abreast with new information played an important role in the safe, rational and effective use of medicines that contributed to improving maternal health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Antibiotic use amongst pregnant women in a public hospital in KwaZulu-Natal

Naidoo

Bangalee

Oosthuizen

2021

Health SA Gesondheid

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“…One third of our study's participants had detectable viral load which is higher than that documented in other studies using the same cutoff of 50 copies/ml. Studies from South Africa 11,14,17 and Malawi 18 documented lower prevalence of detectable viral load among HIV infected pregnant women ranging from 10% to 23%. Much as various studies have demonstrated the association between detectable viral load and poor or non-adherence to ART, 7,[19][20][21][22] we cannot speculate non-adherence as a plausible explanation for the high prevalence of undetectable viral load since we did not measured non-adherence at this point in time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detectable HIV-RNA Viral Load Among HIV-Infected Pregnant Women on Treatment in Northern Uganda

et al. 2020

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Background / Objectives: Detectable HIV viral load among HIV-infected pregnant women remains a public health threat. We aimed to determine factors associated with detectable viral load among HIV-infected pregnant women in Lira, Northern Uganda. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 420 HIV-infected pregnant women attending Lira Regional Referral Hospital using a structured questionnaire and combined it with viral load tests from Uganda National Health Laboratories. We conducted multivariable logistic regression while adjusting for confounders to determine the factors associated with detectable viral load and we report adjusted odds ratios and proportion of women with viral load less than 50 copies/ml and above 1000 copies, respectively. Results: The prevalence of detectable viral load (>50 copies/ml) was 30.7% (95%CI: 26.3% - 35.4%) and >1000 copies/ml was 8.1% (95% CI: 5.7% – 11.1%). Factors associated with detectable viral load were not belonging to the Lango ethnicity (adjusted odds ratio = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.05 – 3.90) and taking a second-line (protease inhibitor-based) regimen (adjusted odds ratio = 4.41, 95%CI: 1.13 – 17.22). Conclusions and Global Health Implications: HIV-infected pregnant women likely to have detectable viral load included those taking a protease inhibitor-based regimen and those who were not natives of Lira. We recommend intensified clinical and psychosocial monitoring for medication compliance among HIVinfected pregnant women that are likely to have a detectable viral load to significantly lower the risk of vertical transmission of HIV in Lira specifically those taking a protease inhibitor-based regimen and those who are non-natives to the study setting. Much as the third 90% of the global UNAIDS 90-90-90 target has been achieved, the national implementation of PMTCT guidelines should be tailored to its contextual needs. Key words: • HIV • Women • Pregnancy • Pregnant women • Viral load • Viral suppression • PMTCT • Antiretroviral therapy • Uganda Copyright © 2020 Napyo et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.

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“…Globally, close to 35 million people are believed to live with HIV. Sub-Saharan Africa, worst affected region, in particular accounts for 71% of HIV infections [1]. Life expectancy for patients infected with HIV has improved significantly in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hospitalization and Predictors of Inpatient Mortality among HIV-Infected Patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Jimma, Ethiopia: Prospective Observational Study

Mishore

Hussein

Huluka

2020

AIDS Research and Treatment

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Despite the number of patients enrolled in ART is increased, HIV/AIDS continues to constitute a significant proportion of medical admissions and risk of mortality in low- and middle-income countries. As one of these countries, the case in Ethiopia is not different. The aim of this study was thus to assess reasons for hospitalization, discharge outcomes, and predictors of inpatient mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Jimma University Specialized Hospital (JUSH), Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia. Prospective observational study was conducted in medical wards of JUSH from February 17th to August 17th, 2017. In this study, 101 PLWH admitted during the study period were included. To identify the predictors of mortality, multiple logistic regression analysis was employed. Of the 101 hospitalized PLWH, 62 (61.4%) of them were females and most of them (52.5%) were between 25 and 34 years of age. A majority (79.2%) of the study participants were known HIV patients, before their admission. Tuberculosis (24.8%), infections of the nervous system (18.8%), and pneumonia (9.9%) comprised more than half of the reasons for hospitalization. Moreover, drug-related toxicity was a reason for hospitalization of 6 (5.9%) patients. Outcomes of hospitalization indicated that the overall inpatient mortality was 18 (17.8%). The median CD4 cell counts for survivors and deceased patients were 202 cells/μL (IQR, 121–295 cells/μL) and 70 cells/μL (IQR, 42–100 cells/μL), respectively. Neurologic complications (AOR = 13.97; 95% CI: 2.32–84.17, P=0.004), CD4 count ≤ 100 cells/μl (AOR = 16.40; 95% CI: 2.88–93.42, P=0.002), and short hospital stay (AOR = 12.98, 95% CI: 2.13–78.97, P=0.005) were found to be significant predictors of inpatient mortality. In conclusion, opportunistic infections are the main reason of hospitalization in PLWH.

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HIV viraemia during pregnancy in women receiving preconception antiretroviral therapy in KwaDukuza, KwaZulu-Natal

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Antibiotic use amongst pregnant women in a public hospital in KwaZulu-Natal

Antibiotic use amongst pregnant women in a public hospital in KwaZulu-Natal

Detectable HIV-RNA Viral Load Among HIV-Infected Pregnant Women on Treatment in Northern Uganda

Hospitalization and Predictors of Inpatient Mortality among HIV-Infected Patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Jimma, Ethiopia: Prospective Observational Study

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