HLA and Major Affective Disorder

Suarez, Brian K.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1984.01790120024004

Cited by 29 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In truth most of the alleged 'breakthroughs' in psychiatric genetics, initially received with an enthusiasm that blunted the critical faculties, have proved in retrospect to be grossly misleading. For example, Sherrington & Brynjolffson ( 1988) reported a linkage between schizophrenia and markers on chromosome 5, which subsequently was found to be a false positive result, as have similar studies focusing on linkages between MDP and markers on the X chromosome (Baron & Risch 1987, Berretini & Goldin 19901, and between depression and chromosome 6 (Weitkamp & Stancer 1981, Suarez & Reich 1984. Gournay refers, quite properly, to the success of new technology in advancing the knowledge of the genetic basis of other diseases, most spectacularly Huntington's chorea, which is caused by a triplet repeat on chromosome 4 (that is a repeated sequence of the trinucleotide triplet CAG, cytosine-adenosine-guanidine, which may be repeated up to 120 times).…”

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 97%

A reply to Kevin Gournay's 'Schizophrenia: a review of the contemporary literature and implications for mental health nursing theory, practice and education’

Dawson

1997

Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs

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Mental health nurses are being increasingly encouraged to move to a more biologically oriented approach. Authors such as Professor Gournay promulgate the myth that biological psychiatry will soon be able to provide an unambiguous model of the nature of mental disorder. A closer examination of some of the biological research identified by Gournay as moving us closer to this ideal reveals, however, the confused and unconvincing nature of the results so far achieved. In the light of this it seems premature to be advocating wholesale acceptance of the biological model by nursing. Nurses should be made aware of the investigations of the biologists, but, unless they are equipped with the necessary intellectual tools to place such investigations in context, they will continue to be susceptible to the rhetoric of proselytisers such as Gournay.

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Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 97%

A reply to Kevin Gournay's 'Schizophrenia: a review of the contemporary literature and implications for mental health nursing theory, practice and education’

Dawson

1997

Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs

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“…Suarez and Croughan concluded that their analyses could neither confirm nor reject linkage between affective disorders and HLA. Suarez and Reich (1984) conducted a sib pair analysis that used 15 families, each containing two or more siblings with a diagnosis of major affective disorder. A second analysis was performed in which subjects with bipolar disorder or alcoholism were excluded.…”

Section: Hla Linkagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suarez and Reich (1984) conducted a sib pair analysis that used 15 families, each containing two or more siblings with a diagnosis of major affective disorder. A second analysis was performed in which subjects with bipolar disorder or alcoholism were excluded.…”

Section: Linkage Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic transmission of major affective disorders: Quantitative models and linkage analyses.

Faraone¹,

Kremen²,

Tsuang³

1990

Psychological Bulletin

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We comprehensively reviewed 2 types of studies aimed at specifying the mode of inheritance of major affective disorders: quantitative models and linkage analyses. Quantitative models attempt to represent the genetic mechanism responsible for the familial distribution of a disorder. Despite efforts to refine models by incorporating the bipolar-unipolar distinction or the sex effect, consistent support for a specific mode of transmission has not been found. Some mixed genetic models support single major locus inheritance, but transmission probabilities do not conform to Mendelian expectations. Linkage analysis is a more powerful technique used for testing the single gene hypothesis. Linkage results have also been inconsistent, showing moderate support for an X-linked variant of bipolar-related disorder and equivocal support for linkages to Chromosomes 6 and 11. However, relatively few genetic loci have been examined. Methodological factors, genetic heterogeneity, and phenotypic heterogeneity are discussed as potential explanations for inconsistent findings.

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“…In some cases genetic links between disorders have been found, such as the linkage of panic disorder, agoraphobia, and major depression in certain families (Breier, Charney, & Heninger, 1984). Other characteristics such as Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) typing (Smeraldi & Bellodi, 1981) may hold promise in linking mental illness with specific genetic characteristics, though some questions have been raised about the value of this technique, at least in affective disorders (Suarez & Reich, 1984). Another promising biological assay is the measurement of platelet monoamine oxidase activity in psychiatric disorders (Baron, Levitt, Gruen, Kane, & Ansis, 1984).…”

Section: The Genetics Of Mental Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Mental Disorders and Behavior among American Indians and Alaska Natives

Neligh¹

1988

AIANMHR

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Some forms of therapy may be significantly more effective with Indian patients than others, but this remains relatively unexplored. Decades of intense theoretical and clinical research have contributed to the models of mental illness and psychiatric treatment described in "Major Mental Disorders and Behavior." This research has clearly been beneficial to the treatment of mental illness in patients from the majority culture. Its applicability to Indian patients is, at best, unclear. In contrast to the level of refinement of the research summarized in "Major Mental Disorders and Behavior," research efforts in Indian mental health are at a more basic, pioneering level. Years of research and clinical work will be needed before an Indian mental health program can take full advantage of the technology now available to the majority culture. A number of potentially fertile areas for investigation in Indian mental health are suggested by "Major Mental Disorders and Behavior." With wellcoordinated research efforts aimed at resolving the most fundamental questions in Indian mental health, it is likely that a wealth of treatment technology and basic theoretical knowledge could become available to Indian mental health programs. Before anticipating the most promising research efforts, however, it is necessary to examine the status of current knowledge of Indian mental health, particularly the areas of epidemiology and diagnostic nosology. Modem concepts of mental illness incorporate genetic, social, psychological, biochemical, cognitive, characterological, and functional neurophysiologic dimensions to understand the mechanisms of mental illness. In the majority American culture these dimensions of mental illness have been explored over the past century, but in the field of Indian mental health, most of these dimensions remain in large part unexamined. The diagnosis of mental illness among Indians becomes suspect unless diagnostic instruments are designed to adjust for cultural bias. Though significant work on the dimension of culture has been performed (Shore & Manson, 1983), much more work is needed in this and other as yet unexplored dimensions of major mental illness in Indian people. In attempting to understand the dimensions of mental illness in Indian people, much more work is needed to understand other biological, environmental, and developmental substrates of major mental illness. Personality theories developed to fit the majority culture may or may not have applicability to Indian people. This remains to be explored, as do a myriad of questions about patterns of cognitive function, responses to stress, and other characterological factors. A variety of culture-bound syndromes exist among American Indians and Alaska Natives (Trimble, Manson, & Dinges, 1983). The combinations of environmental, genetic, characterologic, and other factors that produce these syndromes are not fully understood. Investigations of these syndromes, where they exist, may surely contribute to our basic understanding of the interplay of genetic, e...

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HLA and Major Affective Disorder

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

A reply to Kevin Gournay's 'Schizophrenia: a review of the contemporary literature and implications for mental health nursing theory, practice and education’

A reply to Kevin Gournay's 'Schizophrenia: a review of the contemporary literature and implications for mental health nursing theory, practice and education’

Genetic transmission of major affective disorders: Quantitative models and linkage analyses.

Major Mental Disorders and Behavior among American Indians and Alaska Natives

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