“…20,45,46 Five emission bands are observed to be attributed to the transforms of 1 G 4 → 3 H 6 , 5 S 2 , 5 F 4 → 5 I 8 , 5 F 5 → 5 I 8 , 3 F 2,3 → 3 H 6 , and 3 H 4 → 3 H 6 . 47,48 Actually, Tm 3+ has a red emission band that overlaps with Ho 3+ at about 647 nm. But compared with the strong red emission of Ho 3+ , the red emission of Tm 3+ is extremely weak and completely covered 49 .…”