Hofmeister series of ionic liquids: kosmotropic effect of ionic liquids on the enzymatic hydrolysis of enantiomeric phenylalanine methyl ester

Protein Denaturation by Ionic Liquids and the Hofmeister Series: A Case Study of Aqueous Solutions of Ribonuclease A

“…Zhao et al [11] found effects in enzyme kinetics to reflect the series [ 4 ] À , which corresponds to the trend reported by us but differs slightly in the position of neighboring ions.…”

Towards Understanding Directed Evolution: More than Half of All Amino Acid Positions Contribute to Ionic Liquid Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Lipase A

“…interactions might [23,24] or might not follow [7,25] the Hofmeister series, but it is likely that IL anions with high H-bond basicity cause dissociation of the H-bonds that maintain the enzyme structure, and have a strong propensity for denaturing proteins. [17] The influence of ILs on enzymes is complex and not fully understood at the molecular level.…”

A theoretical study of the neutral and the double-charged cation of cyclo[8]pyrrole and its interaction with inorganic anions

“…Because ion hydration is so strong and dominates in many chemical phenomena, it is not surprising that the "Hofmeister order" or variations of it have been broadly observed [10][11][12][13]. The series of anions have been extended to other anions by Zhao et al [14] (tetramethyl-ammonium), and others. One of the most difficult aspects of explaining salt effects in solution has been the consideration of how the ions, particularly the sulfate dianion, change the nature of water hydrogen bonding [15,16].…”