Hollow Magnetic Nanocatalysts Drive Starvation–Chemodynamic–Hyperthermia Synergistic Therapy for Tumor

Abstract

Magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) has been considered as an excellent alternative for treatment of deep tumor tissue; however, up-regulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) impairs its hyperthermal therapeutic effect. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and competitive consumption of ATP are important targets that can block excessive HSP generation. We developed a magnetic nanocatalytic system comprised of glucose oxidase (GOD)-loaded hollow iron oxide nanocatalysts (HIONCs) to drive starvation–chemodynamic–hyperthermia synergistic therapy for tumor treatment. The Fe2+ present in HIONCs contributed to ROS generation via the Fenton reaction, relieving thermo-resistance and inducing cell apoptosis by chemodynamic action. The Fenton effect was enhanced through the conditions created by increased MHT-related temperature, GOD-mediated H2O2 accumulation, and elevated tumor microenvironment acidity. The HIONCs catalase-like activity facilitated conversion of H2O2 to oxygen, thereby replenishing the oxygen levels. We further demonstrated that locally injected HIONCs-GOD effectively inhibited tumor growth in PC3 tumor-bearing mice. This study presents a multifunctional nanocarrier system driving starvation–chemodynamic–magnetic–thermal synergistic therapy via ROS and oxygen modulation for prostate tumor treatment.

Intelligent Molybdenum Disulfide Complexes as a Platform for Cooperative Imaging‐Guided Tri‐Mode Chemo‐Photothermo‐Immunotherapy

“…[ 3 ] In addition, nanoplatforms can be designed to have tumor microenvironment (such as acidic pH, glutathione, enzyme, or reactive oxygen species (ROS))‐responsive drug release profile to maximize the tumor therapy effect. [ 4 ] Furthermore, various inorganic or organic–inorganic hybrid platforms with photothermal, catalytic, or ultrasound responsiveness have been developed to achieve photothermal therapy (PTT), [ 5 ] chemodynamic therapy, [ 6 ] or sonodynamic therapy. [ 7 ] Importantly, by combination of an immunotherapeutic component, nanoplatforms can be designed to boost tumor immunotherapy.…”

Recent Advances in Nanomaterial‐Based Nanoplatforms for Chemodynamic Cancer Therapy

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 113 ] Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society. d) Schematic illustrating the biological significance of the Fenton and Haber–Weiss reactions.…”

“…For example, a magnetic nanocatalytic system, comprised of GOx‐loaded hollow iron oxide nanocatalysts (HIONCs), was developed to simultaneously drive starvation, chemodynamic, and MHT for tumor treatment (Figure 8c). [ 113 ] The Fe 2+ of HIONCs possesses catalytic activity both in producing ROS via the Fenton reaction and in producing O 2 via the decomposition of H 2 O 2 . The generation of O 2 would relieve hypoxia and promote GOx to catalyze the conversion of intratumoral Glu into gluconic acid and H 2 O 2 .…”

“…c) Schematic of the multifunctional HIONCs for combined tumor starvation and CDT-enhanced MHT against hypoxic tumors. Reproduced with permission [113]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.…”

Chemodynamic nanomaterials for cancer theranostics

“…Moreover, Fe 3+ on the surface of NPs converted into Fe 2+ by reacting with GSH, catalyzing the Fenton reaction to enhance magnetic hyperthermia. In yet another study, the further loading of GOD not only resulted in starvation therapy but also generated more H 2 O 2 at the tumor, resulting in synergistic starvation-chemodynamic-hyperthermia tumor therapy [ 219 ]. Lastly, one study showed that in graphene oxide-grafted magnetic manorings, the elaboration of ferrimagnetic vortex-domain iron oxide nanoring and graphene oxide exhibited efficient thermal conversion and amplified the Fenton reaction-induced ROS level significantly under an alternating magnetic field [ 220 ].…”