Holocene eruptions at the Inyo volcanic chain, California: Implications for possible eruptions in Long Valley caldera

Miller, C. Dan

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<14:heativ>2.0.co;2

Cited by 197 publications

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“…The most prominent features in this chain are four recently emplaced rhyolitic extrusions. Deadman Dome, Glass Creek Dome, and Obsidian Dome formed after a series of explosive eruptions 550-650 years ago, and Wilson Butte extruded approximately 1200 -1350 years ago [Miller, 1985]. A series of small pyroclastic eruptions preceded the emplacement of the three youngest domes in the Inyo chain [Miller, 1985].…”

Section: Geologic Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An en echelon dike system [Fink, 1985;Reches and Fink, 1988] that apparently tapped more than one magma body fed the dome-building eruptions [Eichelberger et al, 1988]. The domes vary in volume, ranging from 0.026 km 3 for Wilson Butte (roughly cylindrical in shape with an average radius of 320 m and an average thickness of 80 m), to 0.17 km 3 for Obsidian Dome [Miller, 1985] (see section 3.3 below for new estimates of volumes). Anderson and Fink [1992] estimated an effusion rate of 106 m 3 /s for the Glass Creek Dome from studies of crease structure formation.…”

Section: Geologic Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deadman Dome, Glass Creek Dome, and Obsidian Dome formed after a series of explosive eruptions 550-650 years ago, and Wilson Butte extruded approximately 1200 -1350 years ago [Miller, 1985]. A series of small pyroclastic eruptions preceded the emplacement of the three youngest domes in the Inyo chain [Miller, 1985]. An en echelon dike system [Fink, 1985;Reches and Fink, 1988] that apparently tapped more than one magma body fed the dome-building eruptions [Eichelberger et al, 1988].…”

Section: Geologic Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The unique radar properties of silicic lava domes

et al. 2004

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[1] Silicic lava domes exhibit distinct morphologic characteristics at scales of centimeters to kilometers. Multiparameter radar observations capture the unique geometric signatures of silicic domes in a set of radar scattering properties that are unlike any other natural geologic surfaces. Backscatter cross-section values are among the highest observed on terrestrial lava flows and show only a weak decrease with incidence angle. Crosspolarization backscatter (HV) shows a unique behavior, increasing with increasing wavelength. Circular polarization ratios are relatively high, in the 0.3-0.95 range, and increase with increasing wavelength. Field measurements of boulder size frequency distributions and microtopography indicate that silicic dome surfaces are among the roughest ever measured. Rms heights at a 1 m lateral scale range from 13 cm to 50 cm. Rms slopes at 1 m spacing range from 12 to 43 degrees. Modeling of the scattering behavior suggests it results from a combination of rough surface (facet) scattering and scattering from block edges that act as a random collection of dipoles. The unusual wavelength dependence of the radar parameters appears to result from a higher component of edge scattering at large wavelengths, producing, for example, higher cross-polarized backscatter at P band (68 cm). Steep-sided volcanic domes on Venus superficially resemble terrestrial silicic domes in plan view gross morphology, but few similarities remain when the radar scattering and three-dimensional shapes of the features are compared. The unique radar scattering properties suggest that such volcanic surfaces can be identified with multiparameter radar observations in future planetary radar missions and in active terrestrial volcanoes, where dome development can represent serious hazards.

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Section: Geologic Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The unique radar properties of silicic lava domes

et al. 2004

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“…Mammoth Mountain (Figure 1), a 200-kyr-old dacitic volcano that produced a sequence of small phreatic blasts as recently as 700 _+ 30 years ago, lies at the southern end of the Mono-Inyo Craters volcanic chain on the southwestern rim of Long Valley caldera in central eastern California [Miller, 1985;Bailey, 1989;Sorey et al, 1998]. Areas of CO2-induced tree kill began to appear on Mammoth Mountain in 1990 after a 6-month earthquake swarm in 1989 associated with shallow magmatic intrusion under the volcano [Hill et al, 1990 granitic rocks, provide beds through which CO2 can easily diffuse and spread both laterally and vertically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical evidence for a magmatic CO₂degassing event at Mammoth Mountain, California, September–December 1997

McGee¹,

Gerlach²,

Kessler³

et al. 2000

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. Recent time series soil CO2 concentration data from monitoring stations in the vicinity of Mammoth Mountain, California, reveal strong evidence for a magmatic degassing event during the fall of 1997 lasting more than 2 months. Two sensors at Horseshoe Lake first recorded the episode on September 23, 1997, followed 10 days later by a sensor on the north flank of Mammoth Mountain. Direct degassing from shallow intruding magma seems an implausible cause of the degassing event, since the gas released at Horseshoe Lake continued to be cold and barren of other magmatic gases, except for He. We suggest that an increase in compressional strain on the area south of Mammoth Mountain driven by movement of major fault blocks in Long Valley caldera may have triggered an episode of increased degassing by squeezing additional accumulated CO2 from a shallow gas reservoir to the surface along faults and other structures where it could be detected by the CO2 monitoring network. Recharge of the gas reservoir by CO2 emanating from the deep intrusions that probably triggered deep long-period earthquakes may also have contributed to the degassing event. The nature of CO2 discharge at the soilair interface is influenced by the porous character of High Sierra soils and by meteorological processes. Solar insolation is the primary source of energy for the Earth atmosphere and plays a significant role in most diurnal processes at the Earth surface. Data from this study suggest that external forcing due largely to local orographic winds influences the fine structure of the recorded CO2 signals. granitic rocks, provide beds through which CO2 can easily diffuse and spread both laterally and vertically.Continuous soil CO 2 monitoring shows that the annual cycle of magmatic CO2 at the Horseshoe Lake tree kill (HLTK) is modulated by local hydrologic processes ]. Soil CO2 builds up beneath winter snowpack, drops rapidly from dissolution in spring meltwater, and remains nearly constant during the late summer to fall dry season. Here we present nearly 2 years of time series data from telemetered soil CO2 monitoring stations at Mammoth Mountain and nearby areas beginning in October 1996. These data reveal evidence for an anomalous 2-month-long degassing event resulting from crustal movement related to intrusive activity and seismicity in the nearby Long Valley caldera. Procedures and MethodsIn 1995 we established two continuous soil CO: monitoring stations (Figures 1 and 2

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“…Inyo volcanic chain of dikes, craters, and flows described by Miller (1985). I I Given this setting, it was evident that one or more new drill holes were needed in the caldera's western moat to provide confirmation of the models of the present-day cm diameter surface casing installed.…”

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confidence: 99%

A core hole in the southwestern moat of the Long Valley Caldera: Early results

et al. 1987

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A continuously cored hole penetrated 715 m into the southwestern moat of the Long Valley caldera. Temperatures in the postcaldera deposits increased rapidly with depth over the upper 335 m to 202°C, then remained nearly isothermal into the Bishop Tuff to the bottom of the hole. The depth to the Bishop Tuff is the shallowest, and the temperatures observed are among the highest in holes drilled in the caldera. The hole identifies a potential geothermal resource for the community of Mammoth Lakes, constrains the position of the principal heat source for the caldera's hydrothermal system, and serves as access for monitoring changes in water level, temperatures, and fluid chemistry.

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Holocene eruptions at the Inyo volcanic chain, California: Implications for possible eruptions in Long Valley caldera

Cited by 197 publications

References 0 publications

The unique radar properties of silicic lava domes

The unique radar properties of silicic lava domes

Geochemical evidence for a magmatic CO₂degassing event at Mammoth Mountain, California, September–December 1997

A core hole in the southwestern moat of the Long Valley Caldera: Early results

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Holocene eruptions at the Inyo volcanic chain, California: Implications for possible eruptions in Long Valley caldera

Cited by 197 publications

References 0 publications

The unique radar properties of silicic lava domes

The unique radar properties of silicic lava domes

Geochemical evidence for a magmatic CO2degassing event at Mammoth Mountain, California, September–December 1997

A core hole in the southwestern moat of the Long Valley Caldera: Early results

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Geochemical evidence for a magmatic CO₂degassing event at Mammoth Mountain, California, September–December 1997