Holocene sedimentary environment of a High−Arctic fjord in Nordaustlandet, Svalbard

Ojala, Antti E. K.; Salonen, Veli‐Pekka; Moskalik, Mateusz; Kubischta, Frauke; Oinonen, M.

doi:10.2478/popore-2014-0006

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Our observations support earlier studies of the overall mid-Holocene shifts towards a colder environment (Skirbekk et al, 2010;Rasmussen et al, 2012;Berben et al, 2014;Groot et al, 2014;Sternal et al, 2014) and fluctuations in the glacial activity in the Svalbard region (e.g. Vorren, 2007, 2009;Beaten et al, 2010;Ojala et al, 2014). Our data show an increased supply of IRD fraction to the Storfjordrenna sediment followed by variation of δ 18 O; however, the high flux of M. barleeanum associated with Atlantic-derived waters (Steinsund, 1994;Jennings et al, 2006;Fig.…”

Section: Glaciomarine Unit II (Mid-holocene; 9200-3600 Cal Yr Bp)supporting

confidence: 92%

Late Weichselian and Holocene paleoceanography of Storfjordrenna, southern Svalbard

Łącka¹,

Zajączkowski²,

Forwick³

et al. 2014

Preprint

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Abstract. Multiproxy analyses (incl. benthic and planktonic foraminifera, δ18O and δ13C records, grain-size distribution, ice-rafted debris, XRF geochemistry and magnetic susceptibility) were performed on a 14C dated marine sediment core from Storfjordrenna, off southern Svalbard. The sediments in the core cover the termination of Bølling–Allerød, the Younger Dryas and the Holocene, and they reflect general changes in the hydrology/climate of the European Arctic after the last glaciation. Grounded ice of the last Svalbard- Barents Sea Ice Sheet retreated from the coring site ca. 13 850 cal yr BP. During the transition from the sub-glacial to glacimarine setting, Arctic Waters dominated the hydrography in Storfjordrenna. However, the waters were not uniformly cold and experienced several warmer spells. A progressive warming and marked change in the nature of hydrology occurred during the early Holocene. Relatively warm and saline Atlantic Water started to dominate the hydrography from approx. 9500 cal yr BP. Even though the climate in eastern Svalbard was milder at that time than at present (smaller glaciers), there were two slight coolings observed in the periods of 9000–8000 cal yr BP and 6000–5500 cal yr BP. A change of the Storfjordrenna hydrology occurred at the beginning of late Holocene synchronously with glacier growth on land and enhanced bottom current velocities. Although cooling was observed in the surface water, Atlantic Water remained present in the deeper part of water column of Storfjordrenna.

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Section: Glaciomarine Unit II (Mid-holocene; 9200-3600 Cal Yr Bp)supporting

confidence: 92%

Late Weichselian and Holocene paleoceanography of Storfjordrenna, southern Svalbard

Łącka¹,

Zajączkowski²,

Forwick³

et al. 2014

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our observations support earlier studies of the overall midHolocene shifts towards a colder environment (Skirbekk et al, 2010;Rasmussen et al, 2012;Berben et al, 2014;Groot et al, 2014;Sternal et al, 2014) and fluctuations in the glacial activity in the Svalbard region (e.g. Vorren, 2007, 2009;Beaten et al, 2010;Ojala et al, 2014). Our data show an increased supply of IRD fraction to the Storfjordrenna sediment followed by variation of δ 18 O; however, the high flux of M. barleeanum associated with Atlantic-derived waters (Steinsund, 1994;Jennings et al, 2006;Fig.…”

Section: Glaciomarine Unit II (Mid-holocene;supporting

confidence: 82%

Late Weichselian and Holocene palaeoceanography of Storfjordrenna, southern Svalbard

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Multiproxy analyses (including benthic and planktonic foraminifera, δ 18 O and δ 13 C records, grain-size distribution, ice-rafted debris, XRF geochemistry and magnetic susceptibility) were performed on a 14 C-dated marine sediment core from Storfjordrenna, located off of southern Svalbard. The sediments in the core cover the termination of Bølling-Allerød, the Younger Dryas and the Holocene and reflect general changes in the oceanography/climate of the European Arctic after the last glaciation. Grounded ice of the last Svalbard-Barents Sea Ice Sheet retreated from the coring site ca. 13 950 cal yr BP. During the transition from the subglacial to glaciomarine setting, Arctic Waters dominated the hydrography in Storfjordrenna. However, the waters were not uniformly cold and experienced several warmer spells. A progressive warming and marked change in the nature of the hydrology occurred during the early Holocene. Relatively warm and saline Atlantic Water began to dominate the hydrography starting from approximately 9600 cal yr BP. Although the climate in eastern Svalbard was milder at that time than at present (smaller glaciers), two periods of slight cooling were observed in 9000-8000 and 6000-5500 cal yr BP. A change in the Storfjordrenna oceanography occurred at the beginning of the late Holocene (i.e. 3600 cal yr BP) synchronously with glacier growth on land and enhanced bottom current velocities. Although cooling was observed in the Surface Water, Atlantic Water remained present in the deeper portion of the water column of Storfjordrenna.

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“…Based on Isvika Bay marine sediment stratigraphy, the climatic optimum terminated with a probable glacier re-advance event occurring as early as 5800 cal. a BP, and this was followed by a shift towards colder and more stratified conditions in marine environment (Ojala et al 2014). Chydorus carapace UV-absorbance and abundance of Micropsectra radialis-type decreased from c. 4000 cal.…”

Section: Late Holocenementioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraviolet radiation exposure of a high arctic lake in Svalbard during the Holocene

Nevalainen

Rantala

Luoto

et al. 2014

Boreas

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Long‐term fluctuations in lake‐water optical properties were examined using a Holocene sediment sequence and multi‐proxy palaeolimnological approach in Lake Einstaken, Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. UV‐absorbance of sedimentary cladoceran remains provided information on underwater UV exposure and changes in lake‐catchment coupling processes were inferred from sediment geochemistry. In addition, aquatic community succession was used as an indicator for lake‐water bio‐optical properties and a Holocene record of sun activity (sunspots) was utilized to evaluate long‐term solar forcing. The results indicated that the UV‐absorbance of cladoceran remains was highest (i.e. maximum UV‐induced pigmentation) for a short period during the early Holocene and for several millennia during the mid‐Holocene. Sun activity was high during these time intervals, probably impacting the UV intensities, but it is probable that the amount of UV‐attenuating compounds (e.g. dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) also significantly affected the underwater UV environment and were low during high UV exposure. Benthic autotrophic communities also responded to the millennial changes in lake‐water optical properties. UV‐resistant Nostoc cyanobacterial colonies were established during the mid‐Holocene, indicative of high underwater UV intensities, and Fontinalis mosses thrived during the early Holocene, indicating a highly transparent water column. The results further suggested that underwater UV exposure decreased during the late Holocene, which is probably attributable to increased DOC and decreased solar forcing. Owing to the location of Lake Einstaken and its catchment in the periglacial barren landscape of the polar desert, the fluctuations of bio‐optical lake‐water properties were apparently forced by postglacial environmental processes and Holocene climate development. These factors controlled sea shoreline proximity, water discharge, ice‐cover duration and littoral‐benthic primary production and further affected the underwater UV environment. Although the role of solar forcing cannot be underestimated, the current record emphasizes the role of climate‐mediated lake‐catchment interactions in impacting bio‐optical properties and UV exposure of high arctic aquatic systems.

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Holocene sedimentary environment of a High−Arctic fjord in Nordaustlandet, Svalbard

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Late Weichselian and Holocene paleoceanography of Storfjordrenna, southern Svalbard

Late Weichselian and Holocene paleoceanography of Storfjordrenna, southern Svalbard

Late Weichselian and Holocene palaeoceanography of Storfjordrenna, southern Svalbard

Ultraviolet radiation exposure of a high arctic lake in Svalbard during the Holocene

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