Home-based computerized cognitive assessment tool for dementia screening

Kim, Hyungsin; Hsiao, Chih-Pin; Yi-Luen, Ellen

doi:10.3233/ais-2012-0165

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Cognitive assessment instruments are available in different settings including clinic based and at home testing (20,21). Current cognitive evaluation methods include both pen-and-paper screening tools, which is the conventional method administrated by a clinical neuropsychologist, and computerized cognitive tests (20,21).…”

Section: Introduction Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Screening for Cognitive Impairment – A Proof of Concept Study

et al. 2021

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Background: Due to an ageing demographic and rapid increase of cognitive impairment and dementia, combined with potential disease-modifying drugs and other interventions in the pipeline, there is a need for the development of accurate, accessible and efficient cognitive screening instruments, focused on early-stage detection of neurodegenerative disorders. Objective: In this proof of concept report, we examine the validity of a newly developed digital cognitive test, the Geras Solutions Cognitive Test (GCST) and compare its accuracy against the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Methods: 106 patients, referred to the memory clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, due to memory complaints were included. All patients were assessed for presence of neurodegenerative disorder in accordance with standard investigative procedures. 66% were diagnosed with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), 25% with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 9% fulfilled criteria for dementia. All patients were administered both MoCA and GSCT. Descriptive statistics and specificity, sensitivity and ROC curves were established for both test. Results: Mean score differed significantly between all diagnostic subgroups for both GSCT and MoCA (p<0.05). GSCT total test time differed significantly between all diagnostic subgroups (p<0.05). Overall, MoCA showed a sensitivity of 0.88 and specificity of 0.54 at a cut-off of <=26 while GSCT displayed 0.91 and 0.55 in sensitivity and specificity respectively at a cut-off of <=45. Conclusion: This report suggests that GSCT is a viable cognitive screening instrument for both MCI and dementia.

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Section: Introduction Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Screening for Cognitive Impairment – A Proof of Concept Study

et al. 2021

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“…A quality assessment evaluation should represent a required initial step before psychometric properties and validity evaluation, and it should be performed by someone independent of the developer of the instrument (11). The methodological quality of the instruments was good according to Schlegel and Gilliland checklist, but only four scored 100 percent of the items (10;18;20;23), showing a potential for quality improvement, especially in the fields of usability and test functionality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…), Internet-based devices, monitoring devices (which measure users’ behavior in different areas), and virtual reality (which immerse the user in a more complex and integral sensorial experience). Computerized test batteries have been reported to have advantages compared with paper-and-pencil neurocognitive testing batteries in areas, such as the standardization of administration and stimulus presentation, the automatic collection of data, the reduction of human error in administration, accurate measures of response latencies, automated comparison with an individual's prior performance and with age-related norms, efficiencies of staffing and costs (8), tailoring tests to the examinee's level of performance, minimizing floor and ceiling effects (9), and their potential to capture time-related information such as spatial planning strategies (10). On the other hand, older adults’ limited familiarity with computers (8) and a general lack of psychometric standards (11) have been raised as an obstacle for these instruments.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Devices for Cognitive Impairment Screening: A Systematic Literature Review

García-Casal¹,

Franco-Martín

Perea

et al. 2017

Int J Technol Assess Health Care

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Objectives: The reduction in cognitive decline depends on timely diagnosis. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the current available Information and Communication Technologies´ (ICT) based instruments for cognitive decline early screening and detection in terms of usability, validity and reliability.Methods: Electronic searches identified 1785 articles of which 34 met the inclusion criteria and were grouped according to their main purpose into test batteries, measures of isolated tasks, behavioral measures and diagnostic tools.Results: Thirty one instruments were analyzed. Fifty two percent were PC based, 26% Tablet, 13% laptop and one was mobile phone based. The most common input method was touchscreen (48%). The instruments were validated with a total of 4307 participants: 2146 were healthy older adults (M = 73.59, SD = 5.12); 1104 had dementia (M = 74.65, SD = 3.98) and 1057 mild cognitive impairment (M = 74.84, SD = 4.46). Only 6% were administered at home, 19% reported outcomes about usability and 22% about understandability. One study reported users' experience. Twenty-three percent of the instruments included information about convergent validity and 34% about discriminant validity; most of them obtained acceptable values of specificity and sensitivity. The methodological quality of the studies was good, the weakest methodological area being usability. Most of the instruments obtained acceptable values of specificity and sensitivity.3 Conclusions: It is necessary to create home delivered instruments and to include usability and users´ experience studies in their design. Involvement of people with cognitive decline in all phases of the development process is of great importance to obtain valuable and user-friendly products. It would be advisable for researchers to make an effort to provide cut-off points for their instruments.

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“…The dCDT software was previously used as a feasible cognitive assessment tool for dementia screening (13). Briefly, a Windows Surface Pro 4 digitizer and a handheld stylus pen were used to assess drawing movements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Performance on Digital Clock Drawing Test in Aged Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

et al. 2019

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The term small vessel disease (SVD) encompasses all the pathological processes that affect the small vessels of the brain, including small arteries and arterioles but also capillaries and small veins, which can result in multi-domain cognitive deficits. The digital clock drawing test (dCDT) has been proved to be a more useful assessment tool for cognitive disorders compared to traditional clock drawing test DT (tCDT) in many neuropsychological diseases. This study aimed to check whether this tool worked well in capturing some specific aspects of cognitive performance in aged patients with SVD. A total of 20 aged patients with high-burden SVD (severe-SVD), 10 aged patients with low burden SVD (low-SVD), and 10 age-matched (healthy) individuals were grouped according to Fazekas' score. The dCDT and a series of neuropsychological assessments were performed to evaluate the cognitive function of participants. severe-SVD patients showed higher air-time percentage and lower mean handwriting/drawing pressure on surface during drawing compared with low-SVD and healthy subjects. The linear regression analysis adjusted for age, gender and education showed that the air-time percentage during drawing correlated with the choice reaction test (CRT) and the digit symbol substitution test (DSST), and the mean handwriting/drawing pressure on surface showed a limited correlation with DSST. The data indicated that some early manifestations of cognitive deficits in aged patients with SVD could be detected using the dCDT with a brand-new perspective different from the tCDT.

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Home-based computerized cognitive assessment tool for dementia screening

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Digital Screening for Cognitive Impairment – A Proof of Concept Study

Digital Screening for Cognitive Impairment – A Proof of Concept Study

Electronic Devices for Cognitive Impairment Screening: A Systematic Literature Review

Assessing Performance on Digital Clock Drawing Test in Aged Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

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