Home-Based Walking Meditation Decreases Disease Severity in Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Mindfulness or meditation therapy for Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…Two of the included studies comparing mindfulness or meditation therapy with a control intervention reported a change in UPDRS‐III scores [29, 31]. The pooled results revealed that mindfulness and meditation therapies were associated with a significantly greater improvement in UPDRS‐III score than was the control intervention (MD = −6.31, 95% CI = −8.57 to −4.05; Figure 2a).…”

“…In studies that did not involve any form of physical exercise, the effects of mindfulness or meditation therapies were much lower than in those that involved exercise [25, 27]. Moreover, the study conducted by Mitarnun et al, which only involved walking meditation, did not report significant differences in motor function including UPDRS‐III and gait velocity [29], whereas studies that applied MBSR involving more intensive exercise, such as hatha yoga, reported more favorable effects on motor function [30, 33].…”

“…The disease severity was mild or moderate. One trial only included patients in Hoehn & Yahr (HY) stage 2 [25], and another six trials included patients in stages 1-3 [26,[28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

“…Various evaluations were used to assess motor function, including the UPDRS-Part III [29,31], the subscale of mobility in PDQ-39 [26],…”

“…The pooled results revealed that mindfulness and meditation therapies were associated with a significantly greater improvement in UPDRS-III score than was the control intervention (MD = −6.31, 95% CI = −8.57 to −4.05; Figure 2a). Two of the included studies comparing mindfulness or meditation therapy with a control intervention reported changes in gait velocity [29,33]. One study used the 10MWT to evaluate gait velocity [29], and the other study used the 6MWT [33].…”