Home range use and the exploitation of gum in the marmosetCallithrix jacchus jacchus

Scanlon, Christine; Chalmers, Neil; Cruz, M. A. O. Monteiro da

doi:10.1007/bf02736250

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Home range size of common marmosets may vary according to seasonal shifts in food availability [38,39]. We failed to detect any statistically significant differences between wet and dry season.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

“…Common marmosets home range sizes are considerably smaller, ranging from only 1.2 to 5.2 ha [12,15,17,28,[35][36][37][38], and can vary according to habitat quality and degree of human impact, with larger home ranges being recorded in areas subjected to more severe human degradation. Home range size may also vary with the availability of food resources, with larger areas being recorded during food scarcity, when animals must travel further to find food [12,15,38,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Home Range, Diet, and Activity Patterns of Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) in Very Small and Isolated Fragments of the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil

Pinheiro

Pontes

2015

International Journal of Ecology

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We evaluate the impact of very small and isolated forest fragments on the common marmosets home range, diet, and activity patterns, in the northeastern Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Three groups were studied in three forest fragments, from January to October 2010, totaling 360 hours of observations and 1,080 field-hours. Systematic observations were recorded using Instantaneous Scan Sampling, and a checklist of the items exploited was built through ad libitum observations. We recorded location of the groups and calculated home range. We recorded 11,639 scans and 236 ad libitum feeding records. 83.4% ( = 10) of food items were plant species, the only animal protein was from insects ( = 2; 16.6%), and the diet was based almost exclusively on gums. Mean home range was 5.5 ha, mean daily path length was 1,167 meters, and no differences were detected between seasons. Resting dominated their activity budget and varied between seasons. Common marmosets survived in this environment through a remarkable increase in their exploitation of tree gums (up to 98% of their feeding bouts) to compensate for the lack of food, in home ranges slightly larger than in the literature. Thus, they travelled and foraged less than expected and rested more since food was easily obtained.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home Range, Diet, and Activity Patterns of Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) in Very Small and Isolated Fragments of the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil

Pinheiro

Pontes

2015

International Journal of Ecology

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“…Esta área possui 80 ha dos quais 22 foram trilhados através de um sistema de transectos (abertos nos sentidos N-S e L-O) em grades de 50 x 50 m, identificados alfa-numericamente (SCALON et al 1989(SCALON et al , 1991 azil. azil.…”

Section: Materials E Métodos áRea De Estudounclassified

Comportamentos interespecíficos entre Callithrix jacchus (Linnaeus) (Primates, Callitrichidae) e algumas aves de Mata Atlântica, Pernambuco, Brasil

et al. 2007

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As observações ocorreram no período de dois anos, monitorando grupos marcados de sagüis durante oito horas por dia. Foram registrados seis tipos de eventos: predação de sagüis; predação de aves, disputa de área de forrageio e recurso alimentar; compartilhamento de área de forrageio e recurso alimentar; perseguição branda e utilização de ninho de ave como local de pernoite dos sagüis. Os eventos agrupados obtiveram diferenças significativas entre as estações do ano e os estratos ocupados.

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“…The common marmoset is regarded as among the most specialized gumfeeders [Caton et al, 1996;Coimbra-Filho & Mittermeier, 1978], devoting up to 70% of foraging effort to obtaining gums [Alonso & Langguth, 1989;Maier et al, 1982;Ramirez et al, 1977;Stevenson & Rylands, 1988], and has been classified as an obligate exudativore [Garber, 1992;Harrison & Tardif, 1994]. However, when fruit is plentiful marmosets may reduce their gum intake in favor of fruit [e.g., Alonso & Langguth, 1989;Rylands, 1984], and will also consume arthropods when available [e.g., Rylands, 1984;Scanlon et al, 1989]. The exploitation of gums, a more stable resource than fruit or arthropods in highly seasonal habitats [Coimbra-Filho & Mittermeier, 1978;Ferrari & Lopes Ferrari, 1989;Terborgh, 1983], has allowed the common marmoset to utilize xerophytic forests, dry woodlands and highly disturbed habitats [Rylands & de Faria, 1993], in contrast with the rain forests of Amazonia inhabited by most other members of the family [Rylands, 1984].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Paracellular nutrient absorption in a gum‐feeding new world primate, the common marmoset Callithrix jacchus

McWhorter

Karasov

2007

American J Primatol

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The common marmoset is one of the few callitrichid species that is not threatened or endangered in the wild, and is widely used in biomedical research, yet relatively little is understood about its digestive physiology. Dietary specialization on plant exudates has lead to relatively reduced small intestines, yet the common marmoset has exceptional dietary breadth, allowing it to successfully utilize a variety of habitats. We predicted that passive, paracellular nutrient absorption would be used by the common marmoset to a greater extent than in other non-flying mammals. We measured the bioavailability and rates of absorption of two metabolically inert carbohydrates not transported by mediated pathways (L-rhamnose and cellobiose, molecular masses of 164 and 342, respectively) to measure paracellular uptake, and of a non-metabolized D-glucose analog (3-O-methyl-D-glucose) to measure total uptake by both mediated and paracellular pathways. We found high bioavailability of 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (83+/-5%), and much higher bioavailability of the paracellular probes than in similarly sized non-flying mammals (30+/-3% and 19+/-2% for L-rhamnose and cellobiose, respectively). Passive, paracellular nutrient absorption accounts for around 30% of total glucose absorption in common marmosets and intestinal permeability is significantly higher than in humans, the only other species of primate measured to date. This may allow the common marmoset to maintain high digestive efficiency when feeding on higher quality foods (fruit, arthropods, gums with higher proportions of simple sugars), in spite of relatively reduced small intestines correlated with adaptations for fermentative digestion of plant gums. We find no evidence to support, in primates, the hypothesis that reliance on paracellular nutrient absorption should increase with body size in mammals, but suggest instead that it may be associated with small body size and/or taxon-specific adaptations to diet.

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Home range use and the exploitation of gum in the marmosetCallithrix jacchus jacchus

Cited by 45 publications

References 7 publications

Home Range, Diet, and Activity Patterns of Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) in Very Small and Isolated Fragments of the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil

Home Range, Diet, and Activity Patterns of Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) in Very Small and Isolated Fragments of the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil

Comportamentos interespecíficos entre Callithrix jacchus (Linnaeus) (Primates, Callitrichidae) e algumas aves de Mata Atlântica, Pernambuco, Brasil

Paracellular nutrient absorption in a gum‐feeding new world primate, the common marmoset Callithrix jacchus

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